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Chestnut-Dewitt (Som, 1962–65) Chestnut-Dewitt (Som, 1962–65)
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John Hancock Center (Som, 1965–1969) John Hancock Center (Som, 1965–1969)
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Sears Tower (Som, 1969–1974) Sears Tower (Som, 1969–1974)
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Standard Oil (Edward Durrell Stone/Perkins & Will, 1968–1973). Standard Oil (Edward Durrell Stone/Perkins & Will, 1968–1973).
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Water Tower Place (Loebl, Schlossman, Bennett & Dart, 1970–1975). Water Tower Place (Loebl, Schlossman, Bennett & Dart, 1970–1975).
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8 Tubes and the High Rise as Structural Art
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Published:June 2023
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Abstract
SOM’s John Hancock and Sears Towers are seen as the paradigm examples of the “Second Chicago School” of structural architecture, but their development was embedded in the city’s politics and in Daley’s redevelopment efforts. Both took advantage of the tube principle developed by engineer Fazlur Khan, which concentrates a building’s structure at its perimeter, where it is most effective in resisting wind loads. The Hancock stacked retail, parking, office, and apartment floors atop one another in a thousand-foot-tall tapering tower that expressed its cross-braced structural system, becoming one of the city’s most recognizable icons. Sears emerged as the result of that company’s decision to concentrate its operations downtown in a record-breaking, fourteen-hundred foot tower that also relied on Khan’s tube concept.
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