
Contents
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Democrats Prevail in the Delegate Elections Democrats Prevail in the Delegate Elections
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The Convention Organizes for Business The Convention Organizes for Business
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Resetting Power of the Three Branches Resetting Power of the Three Branches
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The Legislative Department The Legislative Department
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The Executive The Executive
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The Judiciary The Judiciary
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Curtailing Government Powers Curtailing Government Powers
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Expanding Voters’ Power; Restricting Who Can Vote Expanding Voters’ Power; Restricting Who Can Vote
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The Right to Vote The Right to Vote
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Issues Ardent beyond Significance Issues Ardent beyond Significance
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Treatment of Blacks: No Slavery, No Tolerance Treatment of Blacks: No Slavery, No Tolerance
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Disqualification by Dueling Disqualification by Dueling
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Public Education: Failure of Foresight Public Education: Failure of Foresight
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The Amending Process: Don’t Tread on Our Work The Amending Process: Don’t Tread on Our Work
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Special Debt Tax and Wrapping Up Special Debt Tax and Wrapping Up
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Ratification by the Voters Ratification by the Voters
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Wisconsin Concedes the Illinois Boundary Wisconsin Concedes the Illinois Boundary
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4 The Constitution of 1848: Reconstructing Government, Balancing Powers, Oppressing Free Blacks
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Published:March 2018
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Abstract
Chapter 4 focuses on the 1847 Illinois state constitutional convention and the constitution approved by voters in 1848. Democrats comprised a majority of delegates, but Whigs built many successful coalitions. The new constitution sought greater balance of governmental powers, reducing the legislature’s appointive power, bestowing on the governor a weak veto power, and calling for direct election of judges. Age and residency requirements were specified for government service; citizenship was required of voters. Two contentious provisions put separately to voters were ultimately approved: one prohibiting free blacks from immigrating to the state and one calling for a property tax to relieve the state’s debt. With the 1848 constitution, Illinois transitioned from a frontier to a modern state.
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