
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Emigrant Community and Women in the Village:: The Chaoshan District Emigrant Community and Women in the Village:: The Chaoshan District
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Land and Land Deeds Land and Land Deeds
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Women as Wage Earners Women as Wage Earners
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Women of Merchant Families:: The Chens of the Kin Tye Lung-Wanglee Company Women of Merchant Families:: The Chens of the Kin Tye Lung-Wanglee Company
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Women in the City Women in the City
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Shipping, Import and Export, and Female Petty “Entrepreneurs” Shipping, Import and Export, and Female Petty “Entrepreneurs”
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Women, Maternal Kin, and Business:: The Case of Yuanfa Hang Women, Maternal Kin, and Business:: The Case of Yuanfa Hang
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Conclusion Conclusion
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5 Stepping out? Women in the Chaoshan Emigrant Communities, 1850–1950
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Published:June 2010
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Abstract
This chapter examines women in Chaozhou (eastern Guangdong) during the late imperial and early Republican periods. It uses Chaozhou as an example to argue firstly that economic determination cannot explain why women in mainland China, though given chance and capital, could not enter the public sphere of the business world, and secondly, that in order to enter the business world, it was dependent on the degree of institutional protection a woman, just as men, received, rather than gender per se. The chapter also analyzes the opportunities that might have allowed women to step out from the family and discusses how such opportunities were subordinate to male social ethics.
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