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The Changing Sociolinguistic Context of Singapore: Shifting From Local Languages to Languages of Wider Communication (LWC) The Changing Sociolinguistic Context of Singapore: Shifting From Local Languages to Languages of Wider Communication (LWC)
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“English Knowing Bilingualism”: Status Planning for Languages in Singapore “English Knowing Bilingualism”: Status Planning for Languages in Singapore
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Shifting from Diverse Programmes of Ethnic Mother-Tongue Education to English-medium Education Shifting from Diverse Programmes of Ethnic Mother-Tongue Education to English-medium Education
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The Speak Mandarin Campaign (1979) and the Replacement of Chinese Dialects by Mandarin Chinese The Speak Mandarin Campaign (1979) and the Replacement of Chinese Dialects by Mandarin Chinese
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Recent Policies: Installing Realistic Expectations of Chinese Language Attainment Recent Policies: Installing Realistic Expectations of Chinese Language Attainment
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Language Shift of the Home Language towards English Language Shift of the Home Language towards English
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Implications of Singapore's Weak Form of Bilingual Education Implications of Singapore's Weak Form of Bilingual Education
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Historical Development of the Language-in-Education Policy in Malaysia Historical Development of the Language-in-Education Policy in Malaysia
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Changing the MOI from English to Bahasa Malaysia in all Public Education Sectors Changing the MOI from English to Bahasa Malaysia in all Public Education Sectors
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Globalization Forces in Reversing the Policy Globalization Forces in Reversing the Policy
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Rise of English-Medium Private Universities in the Late 1990s Rise of English-Medium Private Universities in the Late 1990s
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Socio-economic and Racial Stratification by MOI Socio-economic and Racial Stratification by MOI
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The Malaysian Leaders' Aspiration to Globalize The Malaysian Leaders' Aspiration to Globalize
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Implementation of the New English MOI Policy: Difficulties and Dilemmas Implementation of the New English MOI Policy: Difficulties and Dilemmas
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Problems in Implementing an MOI Policy from the Top Down Problems in Implementing an MOI Policy from the Top Down
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Dilemmas facing Malaysian Educators Dilemmas facing Malaysian Educators
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Lessons Learnt from a Zigzag Path Lessons Learnt from a Zigzag Path
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Questions for Discussion Questions for Discussion
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Notes Notes
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6 Negotiating between Nationalist and Globalization Agendas: Lessons from the Divergent Paths of Singapore and Malaysia
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Published:March 2009
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Abstract
In this chapter, the historical development of bilingual education policy and practice in Singapore will first be outlined. In particular, with regard to the bilingual education policy in Singapore which underscores the development of both the English language and the heritage languages, we discuss how it has gradually become a weak form of bilingual education. The heritage languages are merely maintained as a subject while all other subjects are taught in English. Implications of this weak form of bilingual education for other Southeast Asian contexts are discussed. Then the historical development of bilingual education policy and practice in Malaysia is outlined. The tension between nationalist agendas and practical responses to globalization forces is discussed in the context of how LIE policy and practice have gone on a zigzag route in Malaysia. Some implications of the experiences of Singapore and Malaysia for other Southeast Asian contexts are discussed.
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