...By way of conclusion, this chapter takes up two major reasons why the Ōjōyōshū proved extremely influential. The first is because it showed how people can gain enlightenment during an age in which it was believed that the spiritual capacities of human beings had degenerated...

.... The chapter talks about Dōgen's advocacy of single-minded zazen as the core of Buddhist practice and reveals that the proper attitude of Dōgen's self-cultivation is strictly defined in terms of self-power and enlightenment. It also considers the difference between Pure Land Buddhism...

... the prosperity of Buddhism and do nothing at all for attaining enlightenment. It is evil to think one can gain enlightenment by revering statues and relics of the Buddha. “This will only condemn you to the land of evil demons and poisonous snakes.” According to Dōgen, the true prosperity of Buddhism consists...

...This chapter presents a new intellectual trend, known as the New Enlightenment (xin qimeng), which emerged in the late 1970s and the 1980s. Having witnessed nationwide turmoil or having personally suffered political persecution and physical maltreatment in the previous decade...

...?,” are among the best-known examples of koans, the confusing, often contradictory sayings that form the centerpiece of Zen Buddhist learning and training. Viewed as an ideal method for attaining and transmitting an unimpeded experience of enlightenment, they became the main object of study in Zen meditation...

...This chapter examines the creation of the Soviet Man, the first such communist new man in world history. The concept of the new man, or the idea of remaking people, together with a belief in human malleability facilitated by environmental determinism, originated in the Enlightenment and was first...

...This chapter considers the meaning of ma as presented in the scrolls through an analysis of visual and textual representations of tengu. The thirteenth century saw the rise of “original enlightenment thought” (hongaku shiso), a teaching known...

... of enlightenment” and political novels. It then considers how the tensions caused by the problems of translating and emulating European writings gave rise to a movement known as genbun itchi, “unification of the written and spoken,” the linguistic portion of the overall Meiji program...

...Professional and public perceptions of history remain deeply influenced by the discipline’s Enlightenment roots. Without a set of common assumptions, the field would be paralyzed, but unless scholars acknowledge the Eurocentric legacies that shape our thinking, historical understanding among...

...Chapter 9 explores how individuals working to attain peak performance are at their best when intimately embedded and engaged in their chosen sector of the world, moving with and helping to shape its creative turbulence. Primarily focusing on the Buddhist notion of an enlightened self, we propose...

...? And how can we redraw the lines maps and plans use so that the qualitative world of shadows, footprints, comings and goings, and occasions can be registered? In short, the book asks why we represent the world as static when our experience of it is mobile. It traces this bias in Enlightenment cartography...

...This chapter focuses on one of the three geniuses of colonial Chosŏn, Chʻoe Namsŏn. As a young man Chʻoe had become involved in the patriotic enlightenment movement (aeguk kyemong undong), founding the monthly journal Youth in 1908 at the age of eighteen...

... enlightenment is to go into Dōgen's world, where the buddhas and bodhisattvas reign as the supreme authority. The monks of Kenninji once turned to their teacher Eisai and said, “These days the Kamo River is getting close to the temple buildings at Kenninji. Someday it may flood up to our doorstep.” Eisai...

...This book takes a novel approach to understanding one of the most crucial developments in Zen Buddhism: the dispute over the nature of enlightenment that erupted within the Chinese Chan (Zen) school in the twelfth century. The famous Linji (Rinzai) Chan master Dahui Zonggao (1089–1163) railed...

..., and commercial zone. A swamp is a humid zone without sharp edges. Enlightenment maps, and their contemporary descendants—the urban designer's master plan—have no use for them. They represent the world as ideally dry or wet and allot no value to amphibious environments. However, when such environments...

..., with geographical charts, and figuratively, with genealogical diagrams. In the last ten chapters of the Genji, the Uji chapters, courtship takes place in a religious and political context that expresses the characters' quests for enlightenment, their place in Genji genealogy...

... and determines the idea of the Good. It represents the ontological cause of Forms and the epistemological state of enlightenment. However, the Good in itself is also the one and the many problem. The problem seems to be an epistemological difficulty in having a knowledge path between the mind and Forms...

... intellectual understanding of enlightenment. Huanyou Zhengchuan Jiaxing canon Jiaxing dazang jing Jizong Xingche nun Mount Heng Hengshan Tianyin Yuanxiu Wangru Tongwei Hanshan Deqing Shanci Tongji Tan Zhenmo Ming loyalism Restoration Society Fushe Wang Duanshu Yan Dacan Chang Kang i Sun Fong...

... serves as his “religious autobiography” and sets the agenda for the entire subsequent history of Korean Buddhist thought and practice. In Chinul’s analysis, enlightenment is actually both sudden and gradual: an initial sudden awakening to the numinous awareness that is inherent in all sentient beings...