... conception of the human self. Next, the chapter analyzes Confucius and Mencius to provide a different perspective on the self and on compassion. Lastly, it takes up the Daodejing and the Zhuangzi, both of which provide a critique of the Confucian account and therefore another perspective on the same issue...

... Zhuangzi Ziran自然 self nature or spontaneity chong沖 blending Dahua大化 the great transformation harmony śūnyatā emptiness Tu Wei ming anātman not self Avatamsaka Sutra Flower Garland Sutra Indra’s Net pratītya samutpāda interdependent arising Zhuangzi the text dualism anitya Buddhist doctrine...

... the “I” encounters the fish at the Hao river. “Other ” theories of the species other environmental ethics multiculturalism Nagel Thomas Singer Peter subjective first person standard body schema imagination “knowing ” different meanings of Fukunaga Mitsuji Nakajima Takahiro Zhuangzi Hui Shi...

...Longxi Zhang uses Zhuangzi's “happy fish” episode as a model for the acquisition of knowledge. In his essay, he argues for the validity of a cross-cultural understanding that takes us beyond relativism and universalism. For Zhang, Zhuangzi's perspective also informs a critical reexamination...

...Takahiro Nakajima in “Zhuangzi and Theories of the Other,” builds on the Kuwako essay and provides an argument in which he is able to recover what he takes to be two different logics from Huizi and Zhuangzi. The logic of Huizi is “tautology” that absorbs the other into the self as an isolated...

...Franklin Perkins locates the “happy fish” within the broader role of fish stories in the Zhuangzi. According to Perkins, fish play such a prominent role in the text because fish are taken as having a perspective or world, but one that is decidedly different from our own. In this way, fish...

...Peng Feng asks the question: In this Happy Fish debate are the fish really happy or, alternatively, is Zhuangzi experiencing the happy fish? After carefully scrutinizing Zhuangzi’s text and surveying representatives among its vast commentaries, he argues that the debate can only allow...

...Roger Ames argues for the need to set an interpretive context in the reading of canonical texts such as the Zhuangzi. He then explores what might be taken to be some pervasive assumptions that ground a general Daoist cosmology, beginning from what he calls a commitment to process and to a radical...

... of the Zhuangzi, assume that the inherent agency of humans is highly deterministic yet not entirely positive when taken on its own. Each text thus demonstrates the necessity of using both internal and external sources of power and authority to attain one's ideals. Each text also reflects the varied ways in which...

..., such as the centralization of political authority and the growth in the social mobility of the educated elite class. Starting with the writings of the early Mohists (fourth century bce), the book analyzes many of the major works through the early second century bce by Laozi, Mencius, Zhuangzi, Xunzi...

.... Meanwhile, Daoism ranges from the iconoclastic sayings of Laozi and Zhuangzi to the pursuit of immortality by “internal alchemists.” Buddhism Confucian Classics Confucianism Daoism folk religion internal alchemy Laotzi monks nontheism polytheism sacred texts self cultivation sutras Three...

... discusses the role of natural imagery in the Songs of Chu and its impact on Chinese aesthetics. It argues that the unity of the deep emotions with wisdom occurred on the level of feeling and content. It shows how the confluence of Zhuangzi, Qu Yuan, and Confucianism in the Wei-Jin period...

...This chapter demonstrates how Lu Xun's rewrites of historical tales and biographies expose both the arbitrary nature of literary canonization and the constructed nature of narrative. His mocking of the sages, in tune with the spirit of the classic Zhuangzi, is an indictment...

... exercises) or qi as available in certain rare herbal or mineral substances. A well-known passage from the oldest portion of the Zhuangzi related this act to the dietary practice of a divine man who subsisted only on wind and dew. This divine being, who had become free from...

...Hans Peter Hoffmann offers a new, literary approach to what has truly become one of the most famous stories in the entire the Zhuangzi. On the basis of a new philological interpretation of the expression yuzhile ??? coupled with his close, self-consciously literary rather than philosophical reading...

...Chad Hansen argues that Hui Shi and Zhuangzi are fellow relativists, but with different foci and conclusions. Hui Shi typically pushes his relativism to absurdity—radical monism or subjectivism. He starts with a relativist analysis then applies his conclusions to knowledge or meaning univocally...

... of xiaoyaoyou “free and easy wandering” logic debate defined inference logical reductio ad absurdum semiotics sophism Xiang Guo commentary Aristotle “knowing ” different meanings of death Lin Yunming ziran “self so ing” transcendence transformation hua zhenren “true man” Guo Xiang Zhuangzi Hui...

...Norman Y. Teng, engages the Hansen essay above by employing the logic more familiar to early Chinese thinkers developed in the Lesser Pick (or Lesser Selection) of the Later Mohist Canons as a methodological device to analyze the dialogue between Zhuangzi and Hui Shi. He argues that the logical...

...This volume of essays constitutes an attempt by a community of international scholars to provide their own exegesis of one of the most frequently rehearsed anecdotes of the Zhuangzi that is often referred to as “the Happy Fish debate.” The Zhuangzi is perhaps the most deliciously protean text...

...Eske Janus Møllgaard argues there is a strong sense of transcendence in Zhuangzi that is expressed in Zhuangzi’s notion of transcendental life, or the life of Heaven (tian ?) as opposed to the life of human beings (ren ?). He further insists that Zhuangzi’s central notion of “wandering” (you...