...The paradigmatic connection between Kokugaku and nativism is misleading and even wrong. In the humanities and the social sciences, nativism either describes anti-immigrant political movements or reactions to colonial domination, and neither of these is relevant to the case of Kokugaku. Instead...

...This chapter outlines Ueda Kazutoshi's criticism of traditional kokugaku and his acceptance of modern linguistics. The central figure behind the ideology of kokugo's prevalence in Meiji-era linguistic debates, Ueda Kazutoshi recognized that more and more people had...

... decree Tokugawa Yoshiatsu Tsuruchiyo Tokugawa Yoshikumi Yoshikatsu Yamakawa Kikue Nomura Bōtō Rikkyō Shikishima the Way of cholera divination Inoue Jōshō Tokugawa Iemochi Tokugawa Iesada Tokushuku Tajurō microhistory Harris Townsend networks Nativism (kokugaku) poetic circles Mito domain...

...Japanologists have inserted Kokugaku into various narratives involving Japanese nationalism, despite the fact that there is no universal agreement among them concerning the nature of the Japanese nation-state. Fortunately, discussions of both nativism and exceptionalism outside of Japanese studies...

...With few exceptions, scholars of early modern Japanese studies have exclusively assigned Kokugaku to the historiographical category of nativism. This conceptual association, however, has generated some confusion, since Kokugaku bears very little intellectual resemblance to the ways in which...

... Jefferson Thomas Marx Karl Calvinism Lockhart Charles Arminianism Puritanism universalism Greene Jack Roosevelt Theodore Hodgson Godfrey Canada Japan Nihonjinron Kokugaku exceptionalism Seymour Martin Lipset Frederick Jackson Turner Alexis de Tocqueville While the notion of cultural...

...Using exceptionalism as an etic can only be accomplished at the expense of undermining its original emic form, in other words, exceptionalism itself. As the case of Kokugaku demonstrates, exceptionalism also underpins efforts to produce and re-produce concepts of the nation-state, so that etic...