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Malcolm J. West, Paul J. Nestel, Adrienne C. Kirby, Renate Schnabel, David Sullivan, R. John Simes, Christine Pollicino, Edith Lubos, Thomas F. Münzel, Harvey D. White, Andrew M. Tonkin, Christoph Bickel, Laurence Tiret, Stefan Blankenberg, for the LIPID Study Investigators, The value of N-terminal fragment of brain natriuretic peptide and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 levels as predictors of cardiovascular outcome in the LIPID study, European Heart Journal, Volume 29, Issue 7, April 2008, Pages 923–931, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehn007
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Abstract
We sought to determine the association between two major biomarkers, the inactive N-terminal fragment of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in a cohort of subjects who had a myocardial infarction or unstable angina 3–36 months previously.
Plasma NT-proBNP and TIMP-1 were measured in a nested case control study of 250 randomly matched subject pairs enrolled in the long-term intervention with pravastatin in ischaemic disease (LIPID) and LIPID extended follow-up studies. Cases (n = 250) were defined as those who had a cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke during the studies. Controls (n = 250) remained event-free for the same follow-up duration (average 2.5 years) as the matched cases. The relationships between cases and plasma NT-proBNP and TIMP-1 were adjusted for the LIPID risk score, treatment allocation and other biomarkers (CRP, IL-6 and white cell count), and examined using a multivariable conditional logistic regression model. NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher in the cases than in the controls [389 (152–864) vs. 198 (93–416) pg/mL, median (25%–75% percentiles), P < 0.001]. The odds ratio (OR) of recurrent cardiovascular events in individuals in the highest quartile was three times higher than those in the lowest quartile (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8–5.1; P < 0.001). Similarly, TIMP-1 levels were significantly higher among cases compared with controls (806 vs. 736 pg/mL, median: highest vs. lowest quartile: OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.6–4.7; P < 0.001). After adjustment for the LIPID risk score, treatment with pravastatin and other biomarkers, both NT-proBNP and TIMP-1 predicted cardiovascular events significantly and independently of each other.
The study suggests that in subjects with stable ischaemic disease, NT-proBNP and TIMP-1 are independent predictive markers of coronary heart disease outcome.
