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Mehmet Özkan, Sabahattin Gündüz, Mustafa Yıldız, Nilüfer Ekşi Duran, Diagnosis of the prosthetic heart valve pannus formation with real-time three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography, European Journal of Echocardiography, Volume 11, Issue 4, May 2010, Page E17, https://doi.org/10.1093/ejechocard/jep206
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Abstract
Prosthetic heart valve obstruction (PHVO) caused by pannus formation is an uncommon but serious complication. Although two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2D-TEE) is the method of choice in the evaluation of PHVO, visualization of pannus is almost impossible with 2D-TEE. While demonstrating the precise aetiology of PHVO is essential for guiding the therapy, either thrombolysis for valve thrombosis or surgery for pannus formation, more sophisticated imaging techniques are needed in patients with suspected pannus formation. We present real-time 3D-TEE imaging in a patient with mechanical mitral PHVO, clearly demonstrating pannus overgrowth.