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Introduction Introduction
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False Universals: Labor Markets, Urbanization, and Standard Employment Relations False Universals: Labor Markets, Urbanization, and Standard Employment Relations
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False Universals Continued: Precarity and the 2008 Financial Crisis False Universals Continued: Precarity and the 2008 Financial Crisis
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Revisiting Lewis’s Model of Economic Development Revisiting Lewis’s Model of Economic Development
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From False Universals to Structural Barriers for Youth Employment From False Universals to Structural Barriers for Youth Employment
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Building Labor Market Theory for the Global South Building Labor Market Theory for the Global South
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Conclusion Conclusion
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References References
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19 Youth Employment, Informality, and Precarity in the Global South
Get accessDr. Shailaja Fennell is University Reader in Development Studies, attached to the Department of Land Economy and a Fellow of Jesus College at the University of Cambridge. Fennell’s research interests include institutional reform and collective action, food production and rural development, gender norms and gender gaps in development interventions, and provision of public goods and the role of partnerships. She is currently the co-primary investigator on a Global Challenges Fund research program to study how to improve crop productivity and water use, and how to identify appropriate crops and farming practices for sustainable rural development. As an Indian academic living in the UK, she is committed to development and its study in just and equitable ways.
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Published:14 April 2021
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Abstract
Characteristics of labor markets are often assumed to be universal, when in fact they are peculiar to patterns of employment in Europe and North America. This essay makes these universalist assumptions about labor markets for youth explicit, challenging their foundational claims in relation to trends in parts of the Global South. Urbanization, the Standard Employment Relationship (SER), and the notions of precarity are all analyzed for their Northern biases. The work of early labor market theorist W. Arthur Lewis is then explored, critiquing how his theory was reduced to one aspect—rural labor migration to urban factory work to increase productivity—when it had complex social, political, educational, and policy-related implications. Southern scholars should not be interpreted in terms of their relevance to Northern processes. They should be grappled with on their own terms, in relation to the Southern contexts from which they speak. Finally, an agenda for Southern labor market theory building is offered.
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