
Contents
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1 Reciprocity as the Law of Nature 1 Reciprocity as the Law of Nature
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2 Derivation of the Reciprocity Theorem 2 Derivation of the Reciprocity Theorem
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3 Duties of Sovereigns Toward Subjects Under the Law of Nature 3 Duties of Sovereigns Toward Subjects Under the Law of Nature
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4 The Natural Law Duty to Submit to Government 4 The Natural Law Duty to Submit to Government
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5 Reciprocity, the Right of Nature, and the True Liberties of Subjects 5 Reciprocity, the Right of Nature, and the True Liberties of Subjects
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6 International Duties Under the Law of Nature 6 International Duties Under the Law of Nature
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7 The Law of Nature Applied to Jus in Bello and Jus ad Bellum 7 The Law of Nature Applied to Jus in Bello and Jus ad Bellum
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8 The Liberties of Troops Under Orders 8 The Liberties of Troops Under Orders
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9 The Relationship Among Natural, Civil, and Divine Positive Laws 9 The Relationship Among Natural, Civil, and Divine Positive Laws
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10 Whence the Claim of the Laws of Nature on Us? 10 Whence the Claim of the Laws of Nature on Us?
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References References
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12 Natural Law
Get accessS. A. Lloyd is Professor of Philosophy, Law, and Political Science at the University of Southern California. She is author of Ideals as Interests in Hobbes’s Leviathan: the Power of Mind over Matter (2003, Cambridge University Press) and Morality in the Philosophy of Thomas Hobbes: Cases in the Law of Nature (2009, Cambridge University Press), and editor of the Bloomsbury Companion to Hobbes(2013, Bloomsbury Academi) and Hobbes Today (2012, Cambridge University Press).
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Published:12 November 2015
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Abstract
In this chapter, I argue that the laws of nature that comprise Hobbes’s moral philosophy and both ground and constrain his political philosophy articulate a requirement of reciprocity. Hobbes derives the reciprocity requirement as a theorem of reason from our human nature as rational agents necessarily concerned to make our agency effective. The laws of nature impose a demand to join political society, as well as impose duties on both subjects and sovereigns, and constrain behavior among nations. I explain the relation that the laws of nature bear to civil law and to divine positive law and offer an account of the source of their normativity that contrasts with familiar scholarly accounts.
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