...This chapter presents a collation of three versions of the same ballad. The samples are characterised by arrangement in quatrains similar to that of the Andalusian zajal. However, the samples are marked by differences of substance, wording, and improvisation. The first version...

...This chapter discusses the zajal or the Prophet's ascent to heaven known as the mirāj. The zajal consists of forty-nine stanzas in the metrical form. The discussion focuses on al-X̲ubārī's zajal on the mirāj. What...

...This chapter discusses M. Urbain Bouriant's collection. All but six of the thirty-four pieces in this collection follow the most common pattern for the zajal: first, an introductory couplet setting what is the binding rhyme of the entire song; then, a variable number of stanzas...

... by the Hispano-Arabic strophic poetry Muwashshah and Zajal in the emergence of the twelfth-century Troubadour songs. The chapter also considers one factor that justifies the need for a comparative approach to Arabic literature: the multi-cultural nature of the new Mahjar...