... Islamic policies Christian conversion to Islam In less than twenty years following the death of Mohammed in 632, Arab armies had conquered the eastern provinces of the Byzantine Empire and the whole of the Sassanian Persian Empire. The desert warriors had little experience of ruling such complex...

...This essay examines how subjective turmoil and social concern intersect in some roughly modernist-era representations of Christian faith and doubt. It begins by observing that the word ‘troubled’ can name either a condition of unease about oneself or a state of unease about others. It then examines...

...This chapter focuses primarily on Elements of Morality, for the Use of Children (1790), Wollstonecraft’s interventionist translation of Christian Gotthilf Salzmann’s Moralisches Elementarbuch (1782-3; new edition 1785) in which she ‘domesticates’ the German source...

...By the time of Caliph al-Ḥakam II, the Iberian Christian territories were de facto satellites of Cordoba: embassies were regularly received at the Umayyad court, and Christian kings and counts maintained truces and peaceful agreements with the caliphate. This was the result of a deliberate policy...

... evidence for pre-Norse Christian sites, and for a degree of continuity and stability from the pre-Norse to the Norse period and beyond. Annals of Inisfallen Innisfallen Gaelic Hebrides Iona landnám monastery Mull Old Norse place names raids Viking settlement Christian Christianity cross incised...

...This essay argues that Ireland developed a new form, Irish Christian Comedy, that does not make fun of religious values but instead lampoons the woodenness with which those values are understood and (mis)applied to daily life. It suggests that fiction is true to the meaning...

... Seminary Christian Endeavour Society Christelike Streversvereniging Louw A F Murray George prisoners of war Church of Central Africa Presbyterian CCAP Doppers du Toit J D du Toit S J Gereformeerde Kerke van Suid Afrika GKSA Louw Andrew A Malan Cinie Malan D F Murray William Hoppe Orange Free...

...This chapter presents the argument that the Danish 19^th century writer of fairy tales Hans Christian Andersen wrote with an artistic sensitivity toward the material world that put forth discussions about agency, autonomy, conditionality, mastery and instrumentalism in a poetological...

... Home Movies US 1992 Incident at MAP Grid 36–80 USSR 1982 Rocky IV US 1985 Orion’s Belt Norway 1985 Cold War USSR Soviet Cinema Hollywood The Thing from Another World Christian Nyby Virgil Vogel Terror in the Midnight Sun The Big Picture The Red Tent Mikhail Kalatzov Orion’s Belt Erected...

...This chapter discusses genre as an alternative to assessing the racial and gendered stakes of Christian-Muslim conversion. It studies what happens when a romance plot is forced into a tragicomic structure and reveals the inability of the early modern stage to visualize Christian redemption...

... have been most intensely scrutinised during wartime and are frequently broached in cinema. This chapter explores Christian Carion’s quadrilingual 2005 film Joyeux Noël, based on the 1914 Christmas truce, in which European borders and territories are radically redefined. In this film...

... Byzantium Il Kafsut Mirkhwand Rawḍ at al ṣafā˒ fī sīrat al anbiyā˒ wa˒ l mulūk wa˒ l khulafāǒ cross symbol of Savtegin wind role of Abtegin Gawharaʾin Sa ʿd al Dawla Malik Arslan Malikshah Manzikert cup of Jamshid Jamshid cup of Persian Mongols Punishment Anti-Christian sentiment Rashid al...

...Christian Thomasius’s natural law works are usually interpreted as providing a philosophical theory for his positive public law treatises on church and constitutional law. This chapter argues to the contrary that Thomasius’s public law writings are founded not in his natural law but in positive...

... of Algerian converts to Christianity; a community obliterated by mainstream discourse of nationalism. The book unearths their voices and gives explanation to their anguishes, and dilemmas as exemplified in the work of the Amrouche family of authors. It also delves into Imperial Feminism and the writings...

... with major figures like Roland Barthes, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Michel Foucault, and his friendship with Christian Metz, suggesting how his interchanges with them helped to shape his own thinking, and how it diverged from theirs. Analysis of Film The Raymond Bellour Birds The Alfred Hitchcock Hitchcock Alfred...

...This chapter turns to twentieth and twenty-first century poetics. It argues that the same problems that haunted earlier explorations of the place of poetry can now be found, in these later periods, through the figure of ‘the given.’ Looking at constrain poetics in Christian Bök, found poetry...

... and interpreting foundational stories, epitomized in the play through Shylock’s citation of the parable of the parti-coloured lambs as he explicates his lending practices to Antonio. The Merchant of Venice deploys Judeo-Christian biblical inter-texts in ways that deliberately call attention...

... from the Jewish (or Judaeo-Christian) sabbath service with its supplications, Torah-reading and subsequent supplications. Sources indicate, however, that the Islamic ceremony may have been quite different in the first Islamic century. The word minbar originally designated the throne of a ruler and has...

...Muriel Spark, Existentialism and the Art of Death traces Muriel Spark’s indebtedness to the tradition of Christian existentialism that derives from nineteenth century Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard. Christian existentialism was well-established before Jean Paul Sartre...

... Sufism Ibn Ishaq languages linguistics Muhammad the Paraclete al Sira al nabawiyya Ibn Ishaq Calepino Ambrogio Mosaic Law hadith Sunni Islam Ismael Jews al Maghribi Samawʾal Signs of the prophecy Interreligious polemics Shiʿism Muslim-Christian Relations Safavid Iran Scriptural...