... requiring to be consulted is covered – Papal, Carmelite, Jesuit, English East India Company records as well as accounts of other travellers in the East. Particular attention is given to Strachan’s album amicorum (book of friends) and collection of manuscripts in Arabic and Farsi Bosworth Professor...

...Strachan’s personal copy of Raimondi’s published New Testament in Arabic was once part of the library of the Jesuit mission station in Srinagar. The chapter’s attempt to explain this includes a discussion of the history of Jesuit presence in the East with their headquarters in Goa...

... nineteenth-century Arabic dictionary, it also has the meaning of annulment, erasure and deletion. To be in a state of laghuw is ‘to drink endlessly without being able to quench thirst’.7  In other words, lugha oscillates between pleasure and beyond pleasure, an identifiable...

...The introduction refers to the changes that Arabic literature has seen since the mid-nineteenth century – they are as momentous or even radical as the ways in which Arabic literature had been transformed following the rise of Islam in the seventh century. These changes have been accompanied...

... صولاصل ّتوا The chapter explores the role that Muslim mysticism, Sufism, plays in modern Arabic poetry. Early mystic Arabic poetry arose along with the development of Ṣūfī theory at the beginning of the ninth century ad and flourished during the next several centuries. Its origins were rooted...

...The Epilogue deals with the place of Arabic literature within world literature, referring to the issue of the continuity of Arabic literary writing and the relationship between modern, premodern, and classical Arabic literature, which is essential to our understanding of the nature...

...The present book is complementary to my Modern Arabic Literature: A Theoretical Framework (2017), but, unlike the latter’s macro-conception, which at times could be subject to the charge of ignoring the nuances and details of the topic, the emphasis here is on the texts themselves...

...This chapter outlines the ways in which the region of Syria has been categorised and studied from the 10^th century until the present day. It begins with the definitions of the physical contours of bilad al-sham used by Arabic-Islamic cartographers during the Middle Ages...

...The first chapter discusses the social history of the use of literary Arabic and its products among the Palestinians in Israel. It starts with analytical descriptions of the modern institutions designated by Israel to administer literary Arabic and its products, as used by Palestinian citizens...

...The chapter examines the Ottoman Empire’s multilingual press in Armenian, Arabic, Greek, Kurdish, Ladino, and Ottoman Turkish languages and scripts. It reveals how following the 1908 Constitutional Revolution and the lifting of censorship laws, hundreds of periodicals and newspapers sprang up...

... Samer Abu Hawwash (b.1972), and the Syrian/Kurdish Golan Haji (b. 1977). This later generation’s posture towards the poetic engagement is divests from Arabic as a singular linguistic stratum. Beirut Hamra Street Beirut Saʿadeh Wadiʿ Shabtin Beirut translation Burt Clarissa ‘cynicism’ Lebanon al...

...This chapter gives a historical-cum-sociological analysis of Arabic language academies (ALAs) as institutional sites where the ALA discourse is produced. The chapter sees the spread of ALAs across Arab states as a phenomenon that reifies a social role of exercising language...

...This chapter consolidates the previous two chapters by examining the notion of Us vs Them. It will look at how the Arab people present and position themselves vis-à- Vis their leaders during the Arab Spring. The discursive construal of the Us vs Them binary will be identified and its representation...

...This chapter examines the concept of politeness in the context of the Arab Spring, with a particular focus on politeness strategies in different speeches, statements and slogans, examining shifts in these strategies and discourses. Apart from identifying key politeness strategies and shifts...

...This chapter examines the Islamic parties discourse during and post Arab Spring. The landslide victory of most Islamic parties in post Arab Spring elections in Egypt and Tunisia took many observers by surprise and revealed the popularity of the parties in these countries. The study...

...The urban setting of much premodern Arabic literature is the predatory city, where every interaction is eroticized and where the vulnerability of non-elite women and young men is a common poetic topos. This article suggests that previous attempts to read this body of literature have sympathized too...

...This chapter examines the slippery nature of textual evidence and the importance of avoiding precise generalisations on the basis of meagre and inconclusive material. Reflecting on his own work on the Vikings and Rus in Arabic sources, its author aims to emphasise the importance of keeping an open...

...This chapter provides a snapshot of different language policies in the Arab world, implemented ones and unimplemented ones, and of the ever-evolving relation between language, ideology, nation and state in the Arab world. Section 5.2 begins with a definition of language policy. Section 5.3 examines...

...This presents some concluding thoughts from the author. It identifies two facts that render Arabic inclusive in many respects. The first is the non-distinction between Classic Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic, and the colloquials by the mass of native speakers who may think they speak Arabic, perhaps...

...This chapter discusses Pascual de Gayangos's rise to being an authority in Spanish culture and as an Arabic scholar. Following his Arabic tutelage under Silvestre de Sacy, he focused on attaining a mastery of the English language. In 1835, he requested for a licensia de cuatro meses...