The Persians and the Greek Wars

Stronk, Jan P.

doi:10.3366/edinburgh/9781474414258.003.0004

Semiramis' Legacy: The History of Persia According to Diodorus of Sicily

Jan Stronk

https://doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474414258.001.0001

Published online:

21 September 2017

Published in print:

01 January 2017

Online ISBN:

9781474430975

Print ISBN:

9781474414258

- Dedication
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Copyright Page
  - Notes
  - Notes
- List of Figures and Tables
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Preface
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Abbreviations
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Series Editor’s Preface
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Maps
  - Notes
  - Notes
Introduction: Diodorus’ Work and Our Sources
- Notes
- Notes
1 Diodorus’ Sources
- Notes
- Notes
2 Ancient History: Assyrians, Chaldeans, and Medes
- Notes
- Notes
- A. The Arians and general customs of the Persians A. The Arians and general customs of the Persians
  - S. 12: S. 12:
    - 1.94.2: 1.94.2:
      - Zoroaster, one of the inspired lawgivers: Zoroaster, one of the inspired lawgivers:
  - S. 13: S. 13:
    - 5.55.3: 5.55.3:
      - Qualities of the Persian Magi: Qualities of the Persian Magi:
  - S. 14: S. 14:
    - 5.77.8: 5.77.8:
      - ‘Persian Artemis’: ‘Persian Artemis’:
  - S. 15: S. 15:
    - 10.31.1 (= Tz. H. 1,585–7): 10.31.1 (= Tz. H. 1,585–7):
      - Persian marriage customs: Persian marriage customs:
- B. Cyrus the Great (C. 576/5–530) B. Cyrus the Great (C. 576/5–530)
  - S. 16: S. 16:
    - 9.2.3–4 (= Const. Exc. 4: 281): 9.2.3–4 (= Const. Exc. 4: 281):
      - Cyrus and Croesus: Cyrus and Croesus:
  - S. 17: S. 17:
    - 9.21.1 (= Eus. PE 10.10.4/488C): 9.21.1 (= Eus. PE 10.10.4/488C):
      - Start of Cyrus’ reign: Start of Cyrus’ reign:
  - S. 18: S. 18:
    - 9.22.1 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 219): 9.22.1 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 219):
      - Education of Cyrus the Great: Education of Cyrus the Great:
  - S. 19: S. 19:
    - 9.24.1 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 219): 9.24.1 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 219):
      - Aretae of Cyrus the Great: Aretae of Cyrus the Great:
  - S. 20: S. 20:
    - 9.31.1–3 (= Const. Exc. 4, p. 289–90): 9.31.1–3 (= Const. Exc. 4, p. 289–90):
      - Croesus goes to war against Cyrus: Croesus goes to war against Cyrus:
  - S. 21: S. 21:
    - 9.32.1 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 220): 9.32.1 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 220):
      - Mission of Eurybatus: Mission of Eurybatus:
  - S. 22: S. 22:
    - 9.33.1–4 (= Const. Exc. 4: 290–1): 9.33.1–4 (= Const. Exc. 4: 290–1):
      - Words and actions of Croesus: Words and actions of Croesus:
  - S. 23: S. 23:
    - 9.34.1 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 220): 9.34.1 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 220):
      - Croesus honoured by Cyrus: Croesus honoured by Cyrus:
  - S. 24: S. 24:
    - 9.35.1–36.1 (= Const. Exc. 4: 290): 9.35.1–36.1 (= Const. Exc. 4: 290):
      - Encounters with the Greeks: Encounters with the Greeks:
  - S. 25: S. 25:
    - 10.13.1 (= Const. Exc. 4: 296): 10.13.1 (= Const. Exc. 4: 296):
      - Cyrus’ ambitions: Cyrus’ ambitions:
- C. Cambyses I I (?–523/2) C. Cambyses I I (?–523/2)
  - S. 26: S. 26:
    - 10.14.1–3 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 224–5): 10.14.1–3 (= Const. Exc. 2 (1): 224–5):
      - Nature of Cambyses: Nature of Cambyses:
  - S. 27: S. 27:
    - 10.15.1 (= Const. Exc. 1: 397): 10.15.1 (= Const. Exc. 1: 397):
      - Cambyses’ power in North Africa: Cambyses’ power in North Africa:
  - S. 28: S. 28:
    - 3.3.1: 3.3.1:
      - Cambyses makes war against the Ethiopians: Cambyses makes war against the Ethiopians:
- D. Darius the Great (C. 550–486) D. Darius the Great (C. 550–486)
  - S. 29: S. 29:
    - 1.33.9: 1.33.9:
      - Darius contemplates digging a canal in Egypt: Darius contemplates digging a canal in Egypt:
  - S. 30: S. 30:
    - 1.58.4: 1.58.4:
      - Darius desires a statue in Memphis: Darius desires a statue in Memphis:
  - S. 31: S. 31:
    - 1.95.4–5: 1.95.4–5:
      - Aretae of Darius as king of Egypt: Aretae of Darius as king of Egypt:
  - S. 32 (cf. F. 1 ad 2.5.5): S. 32 (cf. F. 1 ad 2.5.5):
    - 2.5.5: 2.5.5:
      - Size of Darius’ army during the Scythian campaign: Size of Darius’ army during the Scythian campaign:
  - S. 33: S. 33:
    - 10.19.2–6 (= Const. Exc. 4: 297–8): 10.19.2–6 (= Const. Exc. 4: 297–8):
      - Darius enlarges his power; Darius’ ambitions: Darius enlarges his power; Darius’ ambitions:
  - S. 34: S. 34:
    - 12.68.1: 12.68.1:
      - Aristagoras of Miletus founds Amphipolis: Aristagoras of Miletus founds Amphipolis:
  - S. 35: S. 35:
    - 10.25.1–4 (= Const. Exc. 4: 298–301): 10.25.1–4 (= Const. Exc. 4: 298–301):
      - Beginning of the Greek Wars; activities of Persians in Asia Minor: Beginning of the Greek Wars; activities of Persians in Asia Minor:
  - S. 36: S. 36:
    - 10.27.1–3 (= Const. Exc. 4: 298–301): 10.27.1–3 (= Const. Exc. 4: 298–301):
      - First Greek War; Datis demands Athens surrender itself to him: First Greek War; Datis demands Athens surrender itself to him:
- E. Xerxes I (C. 519–465) E. Xerxes I (C. 519–465)
  - S. 37: S. 37:
    - 2.5.5: 2.5.5:
      - Second Greek War; the size of Xerxes’ army: Second Greek War; the size of Xerxes’ army:
  - S. 38: S. 38:
    - 5.63.1: 5.63.1:
      - Temple at Castabus remains intact: Temple at Castabus remains intact:
  - S. 39: S. 39:
    - 10.32.1–34.13 (= Const. Exc. 4: 301–2): 10.32.1–34.13 (= Const. Exc. 4: 301–2):
      - On the eve of Xerxes’ invasion of Greece: On the eve of Xerxes’ invasion of Greece:
  - S. 40: S. 40:
    - 11.1.1–19.6: 11.1.1–19.6:
      - Preparations for the Second Greek War: Preparations for the Second Greek War:
      - Xerxes leaves Susa for the invasion: Xerxes leaves Susa for the invasion:
      - Greek poleis gather and contemplate their defence: Greek poleis gather and contemplate their defence:
      - Xerxes leaves Sardis heading for Greece; review of army and fleet: Xerxes leaves Sardis heading for Greece; review of army and fleet:
      - The Greeks react: The Greeks react:
      - Battle of Thermopylae: Battle of Thermopylae:
      - Aftermath of the Battle of Thermopylae: Aftermath of the Battle of Thermopylae:
      - Naval battle at Artemisium: Naval battle at Artemisium:
      - Athenians retreat to Salamis and Xerxes marches south: Athenians retreat to Salamis and Xerxes marches south:
      - Preparations for the naval battle at Salamis: Preparations for the naval battle at Salamis:
      - Battle of Salamis and its aftermath: Battle of Salamis and its aftermath:
  - S. 41: S. 41:
    - 11.20.1: 11.20.1:
      - Reminder of Persian–Carthaginian alliance: Reminder of Persian–Carthaginian alliance:
  - S. 42: S. 42:
    - 11.23.2: 11.23.2:
      - Result of Xerxes’ presence in Europe: Result of Xerxes’ presence in Europe:
  - S. 43: S. 43:
    - 11.23.3: 11.23.3:
      - Fate of Themistocles: Fate of Themistocles:
  - S. 44: S. 44:
    - 11.34.1: 11.34.1:
      - Simultaneity of battles of Himera (Sicily) and Thermopylae: Simultaneity of battles of Himera (Sicily) and Thermopylae:
  - S. 45: S. 45:
    - 11.26.4–5: 11.26.4–5:
      - Gelo plans to intercede in the Greek Wars: Gelo plans to intercede in the Greek Wars:
  - S. 46: S. 46:
    - 11.27.1: 11.27.1:
      - Persian fleet after the Battle of Salamis: Persian fleet after the Battle of Salamis:
  - S. 47: S. 47:
    - 11.27.2: 11.27.2:
      - Exploit of Aminias of Athens, the brother of the poet Aeschylus: Exploit of Aminias of Athens, the brother of the poet Aeschylus:
  - S. 48: S. 48:
    - 11.28.1–33.1: 11.28.1–33.1:
      - Friction between Athens and the rest of the coalition; Mardonius offers benefits to Athens: Friction between Athens and the rest of the coalition; Mardonius offers benefits to Athens:
      - Battle of Plataea: Battle of Plataea:
      - Aftermath of the Battle of Plataea: Aftermath of the Battle of Plataea:
  - S. 49: S. 49:
    - 11.34.1–37.6: 11.34.1–37.6:
      - Developments in Ionia: Developments in Ionia:
      - Battle of Mycale: Battle of Mycale:
  - S. 50: S. 50:
    - 11.44.1–5: 11.44.1–5:
      - Liberation of Cyprus; Pausanias prepares a Persian connection: Liberation of Cyprus; Pausanias prepares a Persian connection:
  - S. 51: S. 51:
    - 11.46.2–3: 11.46.2–3:
      - Pausanias falls victim to Persian luxuries: Pausanias falls victim to Persian luxuries:
  - S. 52: S. 52:
    - 11.56.5–58.3: 11.56.5–58.3:
      - Themistocles is accused of treason and escapes to Lysithides in Asia Minor: Themistocles is accused of treason and escapes to Lysithides in Asia Minor:
      - Themistocles appears at the Persian court: Themistocles appears at the Persian court:
      - Themistocles is acquitted and receives honours: Themistocles is acquitted and receives honours:
  - S. 53: S. 53:
    - 11.60.1–62.2: 11.60.1–62.2:
      - Campaigns by Cimon the Athenian: Campaigns by Cimon the Athenian:
- Notes
- Notes
4 Revolt and Sedition
- Notes
- Notes
5 Alexander the Great Defeats Darius III
- Notes
- Notes
6 From Persepolis to Babylon
- Notes
- Notes
7 The Period of the Diadochs: The Rift Opens
- Notes
- Notes
8 The Period of the Diadochs: The Rift Deepens
- Notes
- Notes
9 The Vicissitudes of the Diadoch Kingdoms: The Final Years of Diodorus’ Persian Account
- Notes
- Notes
10 Semiramis’ Legacy
- Notes
- Notes
Conclusion
- Notes
- Notes
- Bibliography
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Index
  - Notes
  - Notes

Chapter

3 The Persians and the Greek Wars

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https://doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474414258.003.0004

Pages

142–193

Published:

January 2017

Abstract

After a brief introduction, in which some attention is paid to Persian peculiarities, the rule of subsequent Achaemenid kings is related. The reigns of Cyrus II the Great, Cambyses II, Darius I the Great, and Xerxes I are referred to by Diodorus. A special role in this chapter is preserved for the Greco-Persian Wars. Diodorus’ version of them differs in places from the best-known version, that by Herodotus, and therefore adds to our understanding of these wars (or at least questions the absolute trust at present frequently placed in Herodotus’ account).

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