
Contents
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1 Introduction 1 Introduction
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2 The importance of parties for democracy 2 The importance of parties for democracy
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3 Benchmarking: the state of the MENA party systems in 2010 3 Benchmarking: the state of the MENA party systems in 2010
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3.1 Limited pluralism 3.1 Limited pluralism
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3.2 Moderate and extreme pluralism 3.2 Moderate and extreme pluralism
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4 Party system development: the Arab Spring and other factors 4 Party system development: the Arab Spring and other factors
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4.1 Tunisia and Egypt: regime overthrow and party system change 4.1 Tunisia and Egypt: regime overthrow and party system change
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4.2 Libya: from a party vacuum to empty moderate pluralism 4.2 Libya: from a party vacuum to empty moderate pluralism
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4.3 Algeria, Iraq, Israel, Morocco and Turkey: the stable party systems 4.3 Algeria, Iraq, Israel, Morocco and Turkey: the stable party systems
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5 Party profiles: the newcomers in perspective 5 Party profiles: the newcomers in perspective
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6 Conclusion and perspectives: the Arab Spring, the arrival of a new democratic era? 6 Conclusion and perspectives: the Arab Spring, the arrival of a new democratic era?
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6.1 Party developments 6.1 Party developments
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6.2 The party-barren areas of the MENA region: responses to the Arab Spring and prospects for democracy 6.2 The party-barren areas of the MENA region: responses to the Arab Spring and prospects for democracy
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Notes Notes
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References References
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3 Parties and party system change
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Published:September 2017
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Abstract
This chapter examines parties and party system change across the MENA countries since December 2010. The discussion begins with a brief overview of party systems in the region on the eve of the Arab Spring, thereby providing a quick introduction to the selected cases as well as a benchmark against which to measure change. Party system change is determined via indicators such as the effective number of parties, party system fragmentation, electoral volatility and the entry of new parties into the system. The analysis of the indicators of party system change is coupled with a discussion of empirical data on the political environment during and in the immediate aftermath of the elections, including issues such as regime classification, rotation of power, coalition structures, prohibited parties, and societal cleavages. The author explains how - despite the fact that some old regimes fell and elections were held - the traditionally dominant or hegemonic political parties stayed preeminent in a number of MENA countries. Finally, this chapter shows what party system change tells us about the prospects for democracy some five years after the outbreak of the Arab Spring.
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