
Contents
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Ariake’s Proliferating Meters Ariake’s Proliferating Meters
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As Old as the Hills? Symbolism in Japanese Poetry As Old as the Hills? Symbolism in Japanese Poetry
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Invention and Adaptation: Ueda Bin’s 7-5-7/5-7-5 Meter and Its Progeny Invention and Adaptation: Ueda Bin’s 7-5-7/5-7-5 Meter and Its Progeny
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Coda: Ariake’s Twilight Coda: Ariake’s Twilight
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4 Difficulty in Poetry: Kanbara Ariake and the Experimenters in Prosody
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Published:January 2022
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Abstract
This chapter approaches the crisis in early twentieth-century Japanese poetry through the work of the Japanese symbolist poet Kanbara Ariake. It begins with an analysis of a challenging early poem by Ariake, then examines the contemporary reception of Japanese symbolism more broadly conceived, focusing on claims that symbolist poetry was difficult. Difficulty was almost invariably treated as an undesirable attribute in a poem, and describing a poem as hard to read was, in Japanese as in English, never intended as a compliment. The chapter also seeks to answer the following questions: What made some poems difficult but not others? Who decided what counted as a difficulty? Ultimately, the chapter tracks, step by step, the invention and dissemination of a poetic form—a form that was invented as a vehicle for translation by Ueda Bin, then adapted and repurposed by the symbolist poets Susukida Kyūkin and Kanbara Ariake in their own poems.
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