
Contents
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Colonial Politics and the Making of Modern Burma Colonial Politics and the Making of Modern Burma
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Overcoming the Indignities of Empire: Mobilization and Articulation, 1920–40 Overcoming the Indignities of Empire: Mobilization and Articulation, 1920–40
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The War: 1940–45 The War: 1940–45
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The AFPFL’s Tenuous Primacy: 1945–48 The AFPFL’s Tenuous Primacy: 1945–48
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After Independence: Politics and Violence in Burma After Independence: Politics and Violence in Burma
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State Breakdown and Militarized Reconstruction State Breakdown and Militarized Reconstruction
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Consolidation and State Making under U Nu, 1950–62 Consolidation and State Making under U Nu, 1950–62
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The Rise of the Army and the Origins of the 1962 Coup The Rise of the Army and the Origins of the 1962 Coup
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Enemies on All Fronts: Ne Win in Power, 1962–88 Enemies on All Fronts: Ne Win in Power, 1962–88
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1989 and the (Partial) Remaking of the Myanmar Periphery 1989 and the (Partial) Remaking of the Myanmar Periphery
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Cite
Abstract
This chapter details how Burma/Myanmar has been the site of large-scale civil conflict and state repression since its independence in 1948. The period of British rule fostered a new Burman (also called Bamar) nationalism that set itself in opposition to both colonialism and to ethnic minorities that were seen as collaborators with these forces. This project took on a visceral and violent reality during the bloody years of World War II, when Burmese nationalists backed by Japan fought with ethnic minorities supported by the British and Americans. This process built a carrier movement known as the Anti-Fascist People Freedom League (AFPFL) with a strongly anticolonial, majoritarian nationalist political project. While articulating a broader Burmese nationalism, this project favored the Bamar ethnicity and Buddhist religion as the top of a hierarchy of priority, laying the basis for ongoing political conflict. The chapter then discusses what happened when the British departed and large-scale civil war erupted. Because war and independence occurred at the same time, it weaves together the armed orders with the broader politics, identifying the key shifts over time and their implications for armed politics.
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