
Contents
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Diagnosing Rural Depopulation and Economic Decline Diagnosing Rural Depopulation and Economic Decline
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Evaluating Alternative Approaches to Agriculture Evaluating Alternative Approaches to Agriculture
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Changing Patterns of Farming Changing Patterns of Farming
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Hiring Labor or Taking Off-Farm Employment Hiring Labor or Taking Off-Farm Employment
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Class, Labor, and Gender Class, Labor, and Gender
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4 The Transformation of Agriculture and the Rural Economy
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Published:March 2012
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Abstract
This chapter examines how farming families in Broome County experienced and adapted to the transformation of the region's agriculture and rural economy. In the early twentieth century, the rural economy of Broome County was transformed by two interconnected socioeconomic trends: a structural shift toward more specialized, larger-scale agriculture and an emerging pattern in which families combined farming with wage-earning. In what is commonly termed part-time farming, families sent some members to work off the farm—a practice known as off-farm labor—while the rest conducted a range of small-scale subsistence and market-oriented operations on the land. This chapter first provides an overview of the rural depopulation and economic decline in Broome County during the twentieth century before discussing the county's changing rural economy as well as the connections between class position and the utilization of family labor. It shows that class position corresponded with distinctly different patterns of intergenerational and gender relations in rural families.
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