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Germany: From Genocide to Relative Peace Germany: From Genocide to Relative Peace
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The Quebec Nationalist Movement and Limited Violence in Canada The Quebec Nationalist Movement and Limited Violence in Canada
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From Worst to First: An Assessment From Worst to First: An Assessment
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8 From Worst to First: Declining Ethnic Violence in Early Modernizers
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Published:February 2017
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Abstract
This chapter examines a paradox in the connection between modernity and ethnic violence: the earliest and most successful modernizers experienced severe ethnic violence prior to World War II, yet cases of ethnic violence have been relatively rare among early modernizers over the past seven decades. It begins with a comparison of Nazi and postwar Germany to show how the country transformed from extreme ethnic violence—and more specifically genocide—to relative peace. To further elucidate the causes of relative peace in early modernizers, the chapter considers the conflict resulting from the Quebec nationalist movement, which gained strength beginning in the 1950s and 1960s. Drawing on the German and Canadian experiences, it discusses a variety of factors that limited ethnic violence after World War II by shaping the strength and contours of ethnicity, reducing emotional motivation, limiting ethnic obligations, and minimizing the opportunity for mass violence.
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