
Contents
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The Just War Tradition in the Middle Ages The Just War Tradition in the Middle Ages
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Jus ad Bellum Norms: Just Cause and Right Authority Jus ad Bellum Norms: Just Cause and Right Authority
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Early Development of Jus in Bello Norms Early Development of Jus in Bello Norms
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The State Era and the Just War Tradition The State Era and the Just War Tradition
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The Emergence of the State System and Just War Principles The Emergence of the State System and Just War Principles
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The State System and the Transformation of the Just War Tradition The State System and the Transformation of the Just War Tradition
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Internationalism and Just War Principles Internationalism and Just War Principles
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Postinternationalism? Postinternationalism?
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The Reversal of the State Monopoly on Force The Reversal of the State Monopoly on Force
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Conclusion Conclusion
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2 The State System and the Evolution of the Just War Tradition
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Published:December 2015
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Abstract
This chapter discusses the just war tradition's development and the context of the evolution of the state system and the changing role of private force. To best track the effect of the state system's emergence on the just war tradition, the account picks up in the period immediately before the state began to displace other forms of political organization. It begins with a consideration of the state of the just war tradition in the Middle Ages, immediately prior to the emergence of the Westphalian state system. In this prestate era, the problem of multiple competing and overlapping entities with authority over war meant that the tradition became centered on difficult jus ad bellum questions, particularly the issues of right authority and just cause. It then turns to the transformations that occurred within the political system and the just war tradition after the state's consolidation of its authority and its eventual acquisition of a monopoly over force. It concludes with a look at the current transformations within the state system that undermine the assumptions coming out of the Westphalian state system.
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