
Contents
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The Thirty-First Congress The Thirty-First Congress
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Enter “The Great Pacificator” Enter “The Great Pacificator”
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The Indiana Autocrat The Indiana Autocrat
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Death of the Omnibus Death of the Omnibus
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Daniel Dickinson, “True as Steel” Daniel Dickinson, “True as Steel”
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Democratic Success Democratic Success
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Rewards for Firmness Rewards for Firmness
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1 “Fidelity and Firmness”: Northern Democrats and the Crises of 1850
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Published:October 2014
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Abstract
This chapter examines the role of “faithful” Northern Democrats, dubbed “doughfaces”—those who remained loyal to the regular organization and the Southern leadership in the 1848 elections—in the political crises of the 1850s. The expansion of slavery into new territories had been a polarizing issue since the creation of the U.S. Constitution in 1787, and the situation was exacerbated by aggressive territorial expansion under slave-owning presidents Thomas Jefferson, John Tyler, and James Polk. Northerners grew to oppose the “Slave Power” and the spread of the “peculiar institution.” This chapter first discusses the convening of the Thirty-First Congress in December 1849 before turning to a number of Northern Democrats who played important roles in the slavery debates, including Stephen Douglas, Henry Clay, Jesse Bright, and Daniel Dickinson. It also considers the death of the Omnibus Bill of 1850 in Congress, along with the adoption of the Compromise of 1850 and its consequences for Northern Democrats.
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