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8 Television: Numbing and Rage
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Published:September 2011
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Abstract
This chapter considers some of the ambiguous meanings of the way most Americans experienced 9/11 through television. The reach of television definitely made 9/11 a human drama that universalized its meanings. However, learning of the disaster via television may also have had serious psychological and political consequences. To see the disaster unfold was potentially to touch the deepest sources of empathy among all Americans. Television also creates the potential for witnessing, that is, participating in someone else's suffering. However, it may have not only interrupted witnessing at its source but offered up a false alternative. This chapter also discusses four principles that are relevant for understanding in new ways the psychology of television in relation to 9/11, and how they diminished the sense of agency for most viewers: the multiplier effect, the overstimulation effect, the anticipatory effect, and the numbing effect. Finally, it explores the effects of 9/11 on U.S. politics and geopolitics.
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