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Thomas B. Campbell, Choice of an Initial Antiretroviral Regimen in the Resource-Limited Setting: The Cost of Virologic Failure, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 47, Issue 5, 1 September 2008, Pages 723–725, https://doi.org/10.1086/590944
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Tremendous strides have been made in the provision of antiretroviral therapy to people in areas of the world with the most critical need, and these efforts have had a positive impact on the health of persons living with HIV/AIDS. A recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 700,000 people initiated antiretroviral treatment in 2006 and that, by the end of 2006, 2,015,000 people living with HIV/AIDS were receiving antiretroviral treatment in low- and middle-income countries around the world [1]. The WHO report estimates that, during a 3-year period, the number of people receiving antiretroviral treatment in sub-Saharan Africa increased 13-fold, from 100,000 in 2003 to >1.3 million in 2006. In Botswana, where 95% of people who needed antiretroviral therapy had access to it by the end of 2006, a 20% reduction in adult mortality was observed between 2004 and 2005 [2]. Worldwide, expanded access to antiretroviral treatment is estimated to have prevented 250,000–350,000 AIDS-related deaths during 2003–2005 [3]. If these successes continue, the rapid scale-up in the worldwide provision of antiretroviral therapy over the past 5 years will undoubtedly be viewed by future generations as one of the major public health accomplishments of the 21st century.
