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SIR—The existence of rabid bats or other wild animals in urban areas represents a risk for rabies infection for humans and domestic animals [1]. In addition, isolation of rabies viruses reveals that it is common and present in the bat population. Since 1998, a total of 129 cases of human rabies have been reported in Brazil, 9.3% of which were caused by rabies virus strains associated with bats, with an increase in the rate of 17.6% in the past year.

In January 2003, a 40-year-old female farm laborer was buried in a German community nearby the Laranja da Terra municipality in Espirito Santo State, Brazil. The woman's obituary noted that she had a neurological illness as causas mortis. Recently, there have been numerous reports of vampire bats that had bitten cattle in this area; however, this region was previously considered to have unknown rabies status. The body was exhumed 8 days after burial, and a sample obtained from the woman was sent to the laboratory for diagnosis, and pattern tests were performed.

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