...This chapter analyzes how Americans used physiognomy and phrenology to describe the heads, faces, and characters of prisoners and sex workers. Focusing on the case files, institutional records, and publications of penitentiaries, asylums, and moral reform societies, it shows how middle-class...

...This chapter describes the punitive political consensus, or “carceral ethos,” that had developed by the mid-1990s and examines the consequences for Florida politics and penal policy. It argues that that investments in prison capacity created the potential and the ability for newly dominant...

... artistic modes movements and styles artists border boundaries cities and towns colonialism continents ecology and environment history land landscape Michelson Alan monuments nature neighborhoods plants prisons Steinberg Leo toxicity walls Indigenous people of North America museums...

...This chapter argues that phrenologists used correspondence to establish reform as a global political project. It explores this argument in three different reform debates: abolition, education, and prisons. In doing so, it traces the relationship between science and politics across the globe...

...This book represents a new approach to the study of punishment by explaining the causes and consequences of the prison boom from the perspective of the rural, southern towns most directly affected by prison building. Prison placement is often oversimplified as a dubious choice for rural community...

...This chapter focuses on the role of prisons, which is an area where there are perhaps some of the biggest institutional differences between Latin America and developed countries and there is huge need for more research. The poor prison conditions in Latin America suggest the possibility...

...This chapter examines the language and practices of “heart change,” the idea that incarcerated individuals can rediscover their true hearts and thus be remade in Christian prison ministries. Faith-based prison programs promulgate a hybrid message in which therapeutic tropes and techniques serve...

...Building the Prison State is a new look at why the United States locks millions of people behind bars, in harsh conditions, with little opportunity to better themselves, for long periods of time. Drawing on the story of one high incarceration state between 1950 and 2016, the book argues that racial...