... in the persistence of metaphorical language and thus the necessity of sovereign violence; for Hume, it manifests in the capacity of sympathy to transform our “associations”; for Rousseau, the voice of nature awakens a reflective human sensibility. For each philosopher, the initial condition of social identity...

...A variation on the theme of universalism is the question of where religious concepts come from. The “naturalness of religion” hypothesis, developed by Pascal Boyer and his colleagues, asserts that agency is part of a “security motivation system.” It is a fundamental human adaptation...

... of these, pressures came from conservative religion. Fearful that atheism (or naturalism) be taught in philosophy departments, religious conservatives protested and may have stopped the 1947 appointment of Max Otto, a well known atheist, to a distinguished visiting professorship at UCLA; UCLA provost Clarence Dykstra...

... Conrad's Heart of Darkness. As a project, naturalism thus reveals its fundamental self-contradictions, its emotional power, and its lasting achievement. Du Bois Reymond Emil Helmholtz Hermann von scientific writing Tyndall John and agnosticism Huxley Thomas Henry and agnosticism military metaphor...

...In his influential reinterpretation of Victorian scientific naturalism, Frank Turner construed it as a tool for advancing the professionalized structure of modern science. We would do better to see it as a broad movement of reform, aiming to reconstruct public culture on the basis of a new ethic...

... nature was construed in Near Eastern antiquity, focusing attention on mythological texts as sources for ancient Mesopotamian perceptions and conceptions of nature. This chapter historicizes The Intellectual Adventure and offers both a critique of mythopoeic Mesopotamia and a new approach to the way...

...Naturalists have at least three core commitments: refusing appeals to what is supernatural or transcendent to nature; making scientific understanding central to philosophical understanding; and repudiating any “first philosophy” as authoritative over the sciences. This introductory chapter...

...This chapter reviews the book’s constructive conception of naturalism about conceptual capacities and scientific understanding. It specifies four constitutive issues for a naturalistic conception, and the book’s response to them. That response makes two mutually supportive revisions to familiar...

...The most difficult challenge for naturalists in philosophy is accounting for scientific understanding of nature as itself a scientifically intelligible natural phenomenon. This book advances naturalism with a novel response to this challenge, drawing upon the philosophy of scientific practice...

... natural history Owen Richard popularization of science Royal Institution London consumer culture correlation law of Cuvier Georges Didelphis fossils Hooker Joseph Dalton opossum paleontology prediction publishing Lightman Bernard Museums scientific naturalism Turner Frank Westminster...

... on correlation. This self-proclaimed Cannibal Club, led by Charles Carter Blake, constituted a nascent scientific faction who fiercely resisted both Huxley’s authority and the broader agenda of scientific naturalism. correlation law of Cours élémentaire d’histoire naturelle Milne Edwards Cuvier Georges Huxley...

...One of the most basic elements of Victorian (and, indeed, modern) scientific practice was the expectation that nature functioned according to fixed laws, which never varied in time or place. This uniformity of natural laws provided both a goal for scientific practice and a methodological guide...

... the members were among Darwin’s leading defenders, their Darwinism must be loosely interpreted to include non-Darwinian developmental schemas. Similarly, scientific naturalism, with which the X Club has been closely associated, is reinterpreted to include its pre-Darwinian and metaphysical sources alongside...

...The relationship between zoos and the wild is complex and often contradictory. The controlled and curated character of their existence means that zoo animals are not fully “wild,” at least compared to their counterparts in nature. Emerging trends in zoo design emphasizing greater exhibit naturalism...

... that Norris's writing reveals a logic linking literary naturalism with early globalization along the Pacific Rim, focusing on the United States' incursions into “the East.” It looks at how conceptualization of the globe as a single geo-economic unit depends on a historically specific aesthetic formalism...

...“The Old Weird” unpacks a genealogy of the new weird in twenty-first century fiction and theory to ask how key earlier texts from naturalism and modernism inform the contemporary weird. They anticipate the governing weirdness of new materialism and form a counter-tradition to the Weird Tales...

...) in interpreting and attempting to comprehend him. Several examples are given of matters concerning which comprehensive reading is particularly needful: “nihilism” and “naturalism.” Ecce Homo Nietzsche reading and understanding scientistic naturalism scientism Birth of Tragedy The new philosophers philosophy...

... that transcend the bourgeois nuclear family. French Revolution inheritance of behavior Mendel Gregor Romanticism Rousseau Jean Jacques Darwin Charles hothouse Lucas Prosper purity Naturalism Stadler Ernst Wesendonck Mathilde Burke Edmund Fichte Johann Gottlieb history Hunt Lynn Maistre Joseph de...

... of thinking” and to build a secular culture and society. The quieter members are shown to share the naturalism of the leading publicists; their shared project was to include human life, mind and society with the natural order. The achievements of the conspicuous publicists are shown to depend on the reliable...

...Nietzsche shows himself fundamentally to be a kind of “naturalistic” thinker from the outset, and does so quite clearly from Human onward. The real question is, What sort of naturalistic (or “naturalizing”) thinker was he, with respect to human reality as well as more generally? That is the topic...