... the progressive aging of the population, existing pension plans are fiscally unsustainable under prevailing rules. Against that background, this chapter gives an account of the present state of the matter in an international perspective, centering on the industrial countries. The chapter is organized as follows...

... the increased dispersion in net external positions in recent years, particularly among industrial countries. Return differentials between external assets and liabilities can potentially exert significant impacts on the dynamics of net foreign assets. There is some evidence that a shift in returns is connected...

... longer. Table 4.3 Characteristics of persistent deficit episodes (unweighted averages) Variable Persistent deficit countries, in episode Persistent deficit countries, out of episode Other industrial countries CA/GDP −4.7 −1.5 1.0 GDP growth 2.9 3.2 2.8...

... of Economic Research. After several decades in which public-sector enterprises (PSEs) played large and often increasing roles in national economies in most countries in the world, the past two decades have seen a reversal. In industrial countries, privatization efforts started in the late 1970s and 1980s...

...This chapter examines the impact of the financial policies of industrial countries on the financial crises in emerging market economies. It analyzes the macroeconomic policies of the Group of Seven (G7) countries and the role of the G7 and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in the management...