... uncertain, Jefferson grappled with the problem of fossils. His Notes on the State of Virginia signaled the beginning of his active interest in fossil vertebrates. Jefferson meticulously cataloged the natural resources of his home state and the surrounding region. The first animal he...

...Fossil preparation, the costly and time-consuming process of freeing fossils from their rocky matrix and getting them into shape for study and display, posed a number of novel challenges for museum paleontologists. Finding adequate space to accommodate dinosaurs was often a serious problem. New...

... was enhanced by the chance discovery of Kirkdale Cave in Yorkshire, with its rich haul of fossil bones. Buckland interpreted Kirkdale Cave sensationally as a former hyena den, and its fossil bones as relics of a vanished “antediluvial” ecosystem. Like Cuvier, he claimed that this megafauna had been wiped out...

...This chapter describes how the study of fossils in terms of their original habitats and environments was being applied to the interpretation of the rocks and fossils of the Secondary formations, and how it led to the first full reconstructions of entire ecosystems from the deep past. Henry Thomas...

...During the nineteenth-century, the public imagination was captured by the study of the ancient earth—an imagination that was fueled even more with the discovery of dinosaur fossils. This heralded a “golden age” in geology, and this scientific revolution greatly influenced the emergence of new...

...Bonebeds are of interest to paleobiologists because they yield large numbers of fossils and, thus, provide important morphologic and taxonomic data sets that are the primary basis for integrative studies of paleobehavior, paleoecology, and paleocommunity structure. This chapter reviews...

... fossils, the glacial theory of the last ice age, and the meaning of igneous rocks, among others. Ultimately, the author reveals geology to be the first of the sciences to investigate the historical dimension of nature, a model that Charles Darwin used in developing his evolutionary theory....

...Figure 1.1. Handbill, “Human Fossil,” Geological Society of London, LDGSL/547: image number 10–03. Reproduced by permission of the Geological Society of London. Figure 1.2. Drawing of the “Human Fossil,” Geological Society of London, LDGSL/547, image number 10–04. Reproduced...

...Paleontology has, from its very beginnings, been a science deeply concerned with its archive. As this chapter argues, the fossil record—paleontology’s curated archive—has taken a variety of forms over the past two hundred years: it has sometimes been understood to be the collected physical...

...South America's fossil record of mammals from the Cenozoic Era (the past 65 million years or so) is far from perfect. No fossils have yet been discovered from some intervals of this time span, whereas only one or a few poorly sampled localities represent others. South America's mammalian record...

...By the late 1890s, Osborn and his Department of Vertebrate Paleontology (DVP) field paleontologists had amassed an enviable collection of fossil mammals from scores of localities in the Western states, and had also made a very respectable beginning in collecting dinosaurs near Como Bluff, Wyoming...

... a means to an end; what Osborn was really after was a comprehensive collection of vertebrate fossils. His chief interest, for the moment, was in gigantic Jurassic dinosaurs. Osborn's DVP controlled an extremely productive Jurassic locality at Bone Cabin Quarry in southeastern Wyoming. Thus far, it had...

... and Basin Lias formation reptiles “age” of Smithian stratigraphy Wealden formation Webster Thomas crocodiles fossil Maastricht rhinoceros fossil Barbados Clift William Home Everard Hunter John iguana Royal College of Surgeons Stutchbury Samuel dinosaurs Royal Society London Académie des...

... of the enigmatic diluvial event had been extremely widespread or even worldwide. However, his diluvial interpretation of fossil evidence was continuously challenged by John Fleming's critique, namely that the “antediluvial” and “postdiluvial” faunas were not as distinct as Buckland (and Cuvier) claimed...

... origin s of Allier river deluge geological chronometers natural Luc Jean André de senior Boulade Bibliothèque Universelle Buckland William Cuvier Georges hippopotamus fossil Laurillard Charles Croizet Jean Baptiste Jobert A Pompeii Daubeny Charles on Auvergne Paris Basin Tertiary...

... wholly prehuman, at least in Europe. Cuvier Clémentine Cuvier Georges Muséum d̓Histoire Naturelle Paris Bibliothèque Universelle Buckland William Durfort cave at Fontainebleau Guadaloupe human species fossil bones of Huot Jean Jacques König Charles Köntritz Schlotheim Ernst von Serres Marcel...

... of life, and certainly not the crude imperfect beings that Lamarckian transformism was taken to entail. At much the same time, Swiss zoologist Louis Jean Rodolphe Agassiz, having inherited Cuvier's massive research project on fossil fish, classified them both zoologically and stratigraphically, and argued...

... Aristotle Cellio Marc Antonio fossils stone colors and markings in time van Helmont Johann Baptista camera obscura Kepler Johannes Pliny the Elder Davy Humphry Eder Josef Maria photography Schulze Heinrich Talbot William Henry Fox Wedgwood Thomas fine arts Kircher Athanasius Restoration...

... Quinta virginity Tuccia Llull Ramón Piers Plowman Sayf ibn Dhī Yazan Zadeh Travis Anaxagoras Gratian hallucination perception Saint Patrick’s Purgatory Sibyl subterranean vapors marvels related to visions Marie de France fossils Medusa cosmic influence on sublunary world enchantment...

...In the case studies of taxa presented here, where times and directions of migrations and reintroductions have been suggested, 27 or ca. 60% appear to have used land bridges, based on the fossil record or on their limited means of long-distance dispersal. That means ca. 40% migrated by other means...