
Contents
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The Connection Between Sheriffs’ Views and Policy Outcomes The Connection Between Sheriffs’ Views and Policy Outcomes
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Violence Against Women as a Crime in the United States Violence Against Women as a Crime in the United States
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Professionalization and Bias in Police Stops Professionalization and Bias in Police Stops
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The Criminalization of Immigration The Criminalization of Immigration
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What Shapes Policy Choices by Sheriffs’ Offices? What Shapes Policy Choices by Sheriffs’ Offices?
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The Relationship Between Attitudes and Personnel and Policy The Relationship Between Attitudes and Personnel and Policy
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Sheriffs’ Attitudes and Office Policies Sheriffs’ Attitudes and Office Policies
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Conclusion: The Impact of Individual Attitudes Conclusion: The Impact of Individual Attitudes
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Four Inequality from Autonomy and Authority
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Published:September 2024
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Abstract
In Chapter 4, we argue that sheriffs’ unique role in both creating and enforcing policy centers the sheriffs’ own attitudes in shaping law enforcement decisions. This causes widespread inequality across counties and be particularly harmful for marginalized groups. We focus on three policy areas: intimate partner violence, racial profiling in traffic enforcement, and immigration enforcement as examples of how sheriffs’ attitudes influence the policy choices of their offices. Given the lack of change in who holds the office of sheriff, we also show that these attitudes and that the relationship between sheriffs’ individual attitudes and policy choices are stable across the past decade. As a result, women, Black people, and immigrants are subject to unequal treatment by law enforcement across counties, with policies dependent not necessarily on demand or need, but on what a particular sheriff thinks about a marginalized population.
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