
Contents
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A Motivational Theory of Political Decision-Making A Motivational Theory of Political Decision-Making
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Partisan Motivations and Partisan Animus Partisan Motivations and Partisan Animus
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Out-Party Animus Out-Party Animus
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Party Cues Party Cues
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Accuracy Motivation Accuracy Motivation
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What Prompts Accuracy Processing? What Prompts Accuracy Processing?
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Implications and Empirical Overview Implications and Empirical Overview
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Conclusion Conclusion
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2 Partisan Animosity in American Politics
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Published:June 2024
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Abstract
This chapter lays out the main theoretical contribution of our work. We review established views on how individuals process information in a political context and we emphasize the different motivations that guide decision-making. We dig into what it means to be a partisan and how party identification might guide political preferences. To identify as a partisan comprises both positive feelings about one’s own and also negative feelings about other parties. Negative feelings—or animosity—toward the out-party tend to guide political behavior to a much larger degree than does in-party love. We theorize the conditions under which out-party animosity shapes how people think about politics and policies. We argue that when political leaders take clear positions on policies, partisans with high out-party animosity should follow their lead. In these cases, Democrats and Republican with high out-party animosity should be diverse in their views, while those with low out-party animosity should be closer together. When political leaders do not take clear positions, however, we believe there should be very little divergence—or even none at all—between Democrats’ and Republicans’ policy views, regardless of their out-party animus.
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