
Contents
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Historical Context: Expansion from a Movement to a Transnational Field Historical Context: Expansion from a Movement to a Transnational Field
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The Red Cross diversifies The Red Cross diversifies
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Creating a Humanitarian Character Creating a Humanitarian Character
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Making Transnational Humanitarianism into a National Mission Making Transnational Humanitarianism into a National Mission
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The powers of patriotism The powers of patriotism
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Varieties of national humanitarian projects Varieties of national humanitarian projects
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Red Cross in national imagery Red Cross in national imagery
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Modeling new nationhood through humanitarian activism Modeling new nationhood through humanitarian activism
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Sensational internationalism Sensational internationalism
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Rising Prestige Breeds Local Competition Rising Prestige Breeds Local Competition
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“Humanitarian Colonialism”: The Red Cross and the Scramble for Africa “Humanitarian Colonialism”: The Red Cross and the Scramble for Africa
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National Sentiments as Mediators of Global Action National Sentiments as Mediators of Global Action
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Three The Spread of Humanitarian Culture Across Borders
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Published:January 2020
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Abstract
The international Red Cross movement emerged at a period of rising nationalism in politics and culture, and yet the movement spread across borders with considerable ease. This chapter examines how the cultural structures and the organizational logics of the Red Cross to the international disseminated between the 1860s to the 1890s. It shows that processes of cultural production and of translation of meanings across national contexts mediated the transition from social movement to a broad social field. In particular, the first large-scale achievement of the movement - the Geneva Convention - afforded numerous parties in different nations with the language to problematize and criticize belligerents’ conduct, to classify specific populations as neutral or vulnerable, and to formalize the role of volunteer humanitarians. The chapter demonstrates that the growth of the transnational humanitarian field was facilitated by the resonance of its meaning structures with patriotic sentiments that were prevalent across late-nineteenth-century Europe and beyond.
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