
Contents
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Arrest Data Arrest Data
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Youth Court Processing Youth Court Processing
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Obstructing Justice Obstructing Justice
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Disorderly Conduct Disorderly Conduct
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Custodial Populations Custodial Populations
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Adults and Juveniles in Custody Adults and Juveniles in Custody
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Status Offenses Status Offenses
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Conclusion Conclusion
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5 the Impact of Law Reform: Deinstitutionalization in Law and Practice in the United States
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Published:December 2009
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Abstract
The last forty years of the twentieth century were a turbulent period for youth justice in both Canada and the United States. The 1974 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act was the first substantial piece of federal juvenile justice legislation that affected juvenile justice in the individual states. One of the main goals of this act was to deinstitutionalize status offenders. The deinstitutionalization goal, however, could be seen as conflicting with intervention. This chapter explores how the tension between wanting to intervene and wanting not to incarcerate youths for non-criminal behaviors played out, focusing on the youth court processing (for example, bringing the juvenile into court, adjudicating the delinquent, and sentencing the offender to custody) of status offenses. It looks at two types of relatively minor offending — obstructing justice and disorderly conduct — in order to see if there are any consistencies in how these status-type offenses are handled for boys and girls.
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