On Grief

Cicero, Marcus Tullius

doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226305196.003.0003

Cicero on the Emotions: Tusculan Disputations 3 and 4

Marcus Tullius Cicero, Margaret R. Graver (trans.)

https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226305196.001.0001

Published online:

21 March 2013

Published in print:

03 February 2002

Online ISBN:

9780226305196

Print ISBN:

9780226305776

- Copyright Page
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Preface
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Abbeviations and Matters of Citation
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Introduction
  - Notes
  - Notes
- About the Translation
  - Notes
  - Notes
- A Note on the Text
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Book 3
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Book 4
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Notes
- - Preface: Why We Need Philosophy (3.1–6) Preface: Why We Need Philosophy (3.1–6)
  - Part I: The Question to Be Addressed Part I: The Question to Be Addressed
    - A. Is the Wise Person Subject to Distress? (3.7–8) A. Is the Wise Person Subject to Distress? (3.7–8)
    - B. A Preliminary Investigation on the Basis of Latin Usage (3.8–11) B. A Preliminary Investigation on the Basis of Latin Usage (3.8–11)
    - C. Distress Must Come First (3.12–13) C. Distress Must Come First (3.12–13)
  - Part II: Two Ways of Presenting the Stoic Position Part II: Two Ways of Presenting the Stoic Position
    - A. Arguments in the Stoic Manner (3.13–21) A. Arguments in the Stoic Manner (3.13–21)
    - B. A More Rhetorical Presentation (3.22–27) B. A More Rhetorical Presentation (3.22–27)
  - Part III: Hedonist Approaches Part III: Hedonist Approaches
    - A. Epicurus and the Cyrenaic Expedient (3.28–31) A. Epicurus and the Cyrenaic Expedient (3.28–31)
    - B. The Method of Epicurus (3.32–35) B. The Method of Epicurus (3.32–35)
    - C. What Epicurus Means by “The Good” (3.35–46) C. What Epicurus Means by “The Good” (3.35–46)
    - D. Response to Epicurus's Defenders (3.47–51) D. Response to Epicurus's Defenders (3.47–51)
  - Part IV: The Stoic Position Defended Part IV: The Stoic Position Defended
    - A. The Belief That One's Misfortunes Are Serious Ills (3.52–61) A. The Belief That One's Misfortunes Are Serious Ills (3.52–61)
    - B. The Belief That Grief Is Appropriate (3.61–64) B. The Belief That Grief Is Appropriate (3.61–64)
    - C. Why Grief Must Be Considered Voluntary (3.64–71) C. Why Grief Must Be Considered Voluntary (3.64–71)
    - D. Peripatetic Objections Refuted (3.71–75) D. Peripatetic Objections Refuted (3.71–75)
  - V. Cures For Grief V. Cures For Grief
    - A. Theory and Method of Consolation (3.75–79) A. Theory and Method of Consolation (3.75–79)
    - B. Conclusion: Let Us Do Everything We Can (3.80–84) B. Conclusion: Let Us Do Everything We Can (3.80–84)
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Book 4 On Emotion
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Notes
- Appendixes: Sources for Cicero's Account
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Bibliography
  - Notes
  - Notes
- Index
  - Notes
  - Notes

Abstract

This chapter explains Cicero's treatment of the problems that come from solutions proposed in the writings of the early Stoics Cleanthes and Chrysippus. Stoics not only denied that the wise person can regard any present circumstances as an evil, but even the Peripatetics did not want their wise person to believe that any present evil is a serious one. The primary difference between the two ethical systems can thus be set aside. Distress in the broader sense has not been treated exhaustively, because there are many other species, which Cicero proceeds to enumerate. Parallels in other Stoic texts suggest that the feeling of which he speaks is also integral to the Stoic theory, where it serves to clarify the Stoic point about the defining role of assent.

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Book 3 On Grief

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