
Contents
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Preface: Why We Need Philosophy Preface: Why We Need Philosophy
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Part I: The Question to be Addressed Part I: The Question to be Addressed
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A. Is the Wise Person Subject to Distress? A. Is the Wise Person Subject to Distress?
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B. A Preliminary Investigation on the Basis of Latin Usage B. A Preliminary Investigation on the Basis of Latin Usage
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C. Distress Must Come First C. Distress Must Come First
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Part II: Two Ways of Presenting the Stoic Position Part II: Two Ways of Presenting the Stoic Position
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A. Arguments in the Stoic Manner A. Arguments in the Stoic Manner
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B. A More Rhetorical Presentation B. A More Rhetorical Presentation
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Part III: Hedonist Approaches Part III: Hedonist Approaches
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A. Epicurus and the Cyrenaic Expedient A. Epicurus and the Cyrenaic Expedient
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B. The Method of Epicurus B. The Method of Epicurus
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C. What Epicurus Means by “The Good” C. What Epicurus Means by “The Good”
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D. Response to Epicurus's Defenders D. Response to Epicurus's Defenders
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Part IV: The Stoic Position Defended Part IV: The Stoic Position Defended
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A: The Belief That One's Misfortunes Are Serious Ills A: The Belief That One's Misfortunes Are Serious Ills
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Why the Cyrenaie Expedient Works Why the Cyrenaie Expedient Works
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Why Grief Diminishes Over Time Why Grief Diminishes Over Time
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Speeches of Consolation Speeches of Consolation
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Is the Remedy Effective? Is the Remedy Effective?
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B. The Belief That Grief Is Appropriate B. The Belief That Grief Is Appropriate
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C. Why Grief Must Be Considered Voluntary C. Why Grief Must Be Considered Voluntary
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D. Peripatetic Objections Refuted D. Peripatetic Objections Refuted
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The Causation of Grief The Causation of Grief
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The Diminishing of Grief Over Time The Diminishing of Grief Over Time
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Part V: Cures for Grief Part V: Cures for Grief
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A. Theory and Method of Consolation A. Theory and Method of Consolation
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Defining the Task Defining the Task
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Timing Timing
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Argumentative Strategies Evaluated Argumentative Strategies Evaluated
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B. Conclusion: Let Us Do Everything We Can B. Conclusion: Let Us Do Everything We Can
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Cite
Abstract
This chapter presents the third book of Cicero's Tusculan Disputations and provides a self-contained treatise on the nature and management of human emotion. In this book the formal case against the thesis is quickly expanded to take in the causes of distress, its relation to the other emotions, the techniques that have proven effective in treating it, and practical suggestions for the writers of consolatory discourses. The assertion concerning the experience of the wise person is expressed that “the wise person is subject to grief.” Cicero concentrates on the experience of ordinary humans, exploring the causes of grief and other emotions in them. He also gives a full-scale assault on Epicurean ethics and feels that despite the merits of individual Epicureans, the system itself remains open to self-indulgent interpretations which are entirely incompatible with a life of public service.
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