
Contents
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Responsiveness Responsiveness
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Jacksonian Period Jacksonian Period
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Post-Reconstruction Post-Reconstruction
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The Modern Period The Modern Period
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Beyond Roll Call Voting Beyond Roll Call Voting
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Committee Leadership Committee Leadership
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Appropriations Appropriations
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Legislative Effectiveness Legislative Effectiveness
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Appendix A: Technical Issues with Respect to Responsiveness Data for the U.S. House Appendix A: Technical Issues with Respect to Responsiveness Data for the U.S. House
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Appendix B: Checks on Senate Responsiveness by Region in the Contemporary Period Appendix B: Checks on Senate Responsiveness by Region in the Contemporary Period
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8 Competitive Party Systems and Democratic Responsiveness
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Published:December 2017
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Abstract
Chapter 8 examines a key consequence of competitive elections: more responsive elected officials. We chiefly do this by assessing whether the roll call behavior of southern elected officials reflected the same level of responsiveness to variation in citizen opinion as was observed in the North. We will see that during the Whig and post-Reconstruction eras, and from 1948 to 1980, responsiveness in the South was either nonexistent or did not come close to approaching the level of responsiveness seen in the North. Only in the last three decades has the responsiveness of Southern office holders caught up to their Northern peers. We observe a parallel trend when we examine other forms of legislator responsiveness beyond roll call voting—appropriations, constituency service, and so on. In sum, where it was for most of its history true that Southerners did not enjoy the same level of representation as did Northerners, today the two regions are indistinguishable on this score.
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