...This chapter begins with the period from 1633 to approximately 1642—the period of Galileo's life after the trial. It concentrates on the reactions of four individuals that for various reasons have emblematic significance: Galileo, Nicholas Claude Fabri de Peiresc, Sister Maria Celeste, and René...

...The Church's unprecedented effort to promulgate Galileo's sentence and abjuration is evidence of the attempt to generalize Galileo's case, to derive general prescriptions from his condemnation. This chapter investigates how some state authorities reacted to Galileo's condemnation. The Catholic...

...This chapter investigates what might be called a third wave of reactions to Galileo's trial, covering the period between 1654 and 1704 and most significantly represented by the figures of Vincenzio Viviani, Adrien Auzout, and Gottfried W. Leibniz. Viviani account focused on Galileo's work...

... was “false and absurd in philosophy.” In 1709, in a work on the history of heresy, Domenico Bernini asserted that Galileo was held in an Inquisition prison for five years. Pierre Estève stated that Galileo had his eyes gouged out as part of his punishment. Voltaire had fallen under the spell of the prison...

... in this chapter. The chapter then describes Piero Guicciardini's portrayal of Galileo, and this is followed by a discussion of Jacques Mallet du Pan's account. Girolamo Tiraboschi ended with an explicit attempt to show his impartiality by mentioning two points against the ecclesiastical side: the Church was too...

...Torture and demythologization were the two topics coalesced around during Galileo's trial. David Brewster depicted him as having cowardly avoided martyrdom, thus in effect harming the cause of science and benefiting that of the Church. Guglielmo Libri was interested primarily in using Brewster's...

...This chapter explores how Galileo's trial was viewed by secular, socially conscious, left-leaning literary intellectuals in the middle part of the twentieth century. The first thing that Bertolt Brecht's play needs clarification is the issue of truth or accuracy from a historical or factual point...

...The one-hundredth anniversary of Albert Einstein's birth provided the opportunity for Pope John Paul II to make an appropriate statement or take some appropriate action on Galileo's trial. The account of the Galileo affair was clearly the dominant theme of the Einstein centennial speech. The Pope...

...Many people were disappointed or dissatisfied with the process of the ending of Pope John Paul II's rehabilitation of Galileo during the period 1979–1992. The case which was closed by Pope John Paul in 1992 was the process he had himself had started in 1979, which is merely a subepisode...

... Limnaeus, Johannes Praetorius, and Galileo Galilei. astrology astronomy Bellarmine Robert controversy Copernicans fluid heavens Genesis commentators Graz Homberger Kepler Johannes Liebler Georg Louvain Maestlin Michael Melanchthon Philipp natural philosophy physics Aristotle's Physics Plato...

...The relationship between Johannes Kepler and Galileo has a pronounced historiographical profile, in part because both were followers of Nicolaus Copernicus. The failures of that relationship would have heavy consequences for seventeenth-century heavenly science and natural philosophy...

...—as he was for Baldassare Capra, Alimberto Mauri, and, much later, Galileo. Moreover, Kepler's systematic attack on Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and in defense of a reformed, aspectual astrology linked the new star to the science of the stars. In these different ways, therefore, the nova moved out...

...During his exile in Denmark, Bertolt Brecht selected Galileo Galilei, an early representative of modern science, as protagonist for a play that he began to write in October 1938. He represents Galileo as a scientist who first resisted the authorities of his time, but, when threatened with torture...

... through publication of the Progymnasmata. In Italy, the nova's appearance led quickly to an outbreak of local controversy, with universities at the center of contention. In early December 1604, Galileo's lectures at the university in Padua became the occasion for a series of exchanges...

... together in the realm of ordinary rather than extraordinary phenomena. Galileo's discoveries at the end of the first decade would further reinforce the sense that the heavens contained recurrent phenomena, marvels that, even if hidden, were still part of the natural order. If prognosticators assumed...

...Some influential interpreters of his first major printed book, Sidereus Nuncius, have underscored Galileo's straightforward empiricist style in reporting observations and avoiding aggressive, systematic theorizing. An important function of this reading has been to dissociate...

...Although the 1633 condemnation ended the original Galileo affair, it also started a new controversy that has continued to this day—about the facts, causes, issues, and implications of the original trial. Galileo's trial shows the clash between conservation and innovation and constitutes one battle...

...This chapter explores the four defining documents, namely the Inquisition's Sentence (1633), Galileo's Abjuration, the Index's Anti-Copernican Decree, and the Index's Correction of Copernicus' Revolutions, in order to understand the condemnation of Galileo and the controversy...

...All papal nuncios in Europe and all local inquisitors in Italy received from the Roman Inquisition copies of the sentence against Galileo and his abjuration, together with orders to publicize them. Mario Guiducci wrote a letter from Florence to Galileo, who was under house arrest at the residence...

...Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte decided to transfer to Paris all Church archives in Rome, paying special attention to the Vatican file of the Inquisition's proceedings of Galileo's trial. Antoine Barbier filed a report to Napoleon recommending publication of the original proceedings of Galileo's trial...