Representing Homelessness
Contents
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A Social Neuroscience Approach A Social Neuroscience Approach
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Brain Activations and Hypothesis Testing Brain Activations and Hypothesis Testing
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Multiple Levels of Analysis Multiple Levels of Analysis
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Different Routes to Dehumanisation Different Routes to Dehumanisation
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Similarity and Familiarity Similarity and Familiarity
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Dehumanising Immoral Agents Dehumanising Immoral Agents
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Dehumanising Outgroup Members Dehumanising Outgroup Members
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Dehumanising the Lowest of Low: Societal Outcasts Dehumanising the Lowest of Low: Societal Outcasts
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Brain Correlates of Dehumanisation-Related Psychological Constructs Brain Correlates of Dehumanisation-Related Psychological Constructs
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Social Brain Social Brain
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Mentalising Mentalising
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Familiarity Familiarity
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Self– Other Similarity Self– Other Similarity
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Social Reward Social Reward
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Moral Judgement Moral Judgement
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Brain Activity Towards People Who are Homeless Brain Activity Towards People Who are Homeless
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Increased Insula and Amygdala Activity Increased Insula and Amygdala Activity
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Social Information Processing Moderates Dehumanised Perception Social Information Processing Moderates Dehumanised Perception
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Valence Valence
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Mental State Information Mental State Information
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Cognitive Function and Controllability Cognitive Function and Controllability
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Ageing and Negative Bias Ageing and Negative Bias
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Ageing and Emotion Regulation Ageing and Emotion Regulation
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The Role of Controllability The Role of Controllability
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Invalid Effect of Empathy Invalid Effect of Empathy
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Structural Solutions Structural Solutions
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Direct Contact Direct Contact
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Additional Mental State Information Additional Mental State Information
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1 The Neuroscience Underlying Dehumanised Perception Towards People Who Are Homeless
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Published:04 November 2021
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Abstract
People who have no permanent accommodation suffer stigmatisation stemming from a dehumanised perception – a failure to consider the minds of such people. Dehumanised perception promotes both active and passive harm towards people who are homeless (rough sleepers), including social avoidance and physical attacks. In addition, people who are homeless also elicit disgust and contempt, and are held responsible for their situation. Social neuroscience research over the last two decades has elucidated the brain mechanisms underlying consideration of other minds, and documented reduced engagement of this mechanism when people encounter people who are homeless. This chapter describes this research, along with subsequent research that explores why such perceptions occur, and how they may be ameliorated. It also explores other brain mechanisms related to dehumanised perception and disgust, explaining how they interact with situational factors and personality variables to promote or inhibit dehumanisation of people who are homeless.
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