... by as working-class whites and blacks in the city endured the burden of school integration. However, the residents along Boston's Route 128 belt were not as removed from the events and issues as those depictions might suggest. The discussion about METCO during this period of turmoil illuminates how the various...

..., the city faced a great deal of racial turmoil. Galamison and the movement for school integration directly challenged the image of New York City as a shining example of urban liberalism. Civil rights activists consistently argued that racial discrimination was not limited to the South; the largest school...

... to a full realization of the right to inclusion, and the very active role of students and families to overcome them. education inclusive education mainstream schools school integration special education parents relationships with school inclusion higher education Law of 1975 Law of 2005...

...This chapter the effects socioeconomic school integration policies on racial school desegregation. It begins by presenting a brief historical overview of socioeconomic status-based student assignment (SBSA) plans. It then discusses it prevalence of SBSA plans in school districts. Before discussing...

... resources. It offers a new way to think about and address the role of middle-class parents in school integration efforts, based on the goal of producing equitable development in public education. The chapter concludes with a focus on education policy and practice, providing several recommendations...

... and the implementation of school integration policies in the 1970s. It then examines the demographic, cultural, and physical changes that occurred in Parkmont over time. It also takes a look at the three key groups: the white stayers, the black pioneers, and the black second wavers. The stories of blacks and whites who...

... Democratic Party Republican Party Silver James Jim Wallace George white moderates Williams John Bell Alexander v Holmes school integration White Citizens’ Council Bailey Junior High School Brown v Board of Education Friends of Public Schools Murrah High School St Andrew’s Episcopal School...

...Although the U.S. Supreme Court had outlawed school segregation in 1954, it was not until 1969-70 that full school integration occurred in North Carolina. Scott presided over a troubled period marked by violence, distrust, and a strong parent backlash. Charlotte v. Mecklenburg also became...

..., with parental authority eroded by a federal government. Because school integration eroded their ability to secure the benefits of white supremacy for their children, it compromised their ability to be good mothers. They called for school choice, lobbied for local choice plans, and worked for the white Citizens...

... desegregation segregationist Christianity South Carolina school integration In the fall of 1876, Wade Hampton, a cotton planter and former Confederate general whose wealth and military exploits won him widespread fame in South Carolina, was elected governor of the state. His election being...

... of school integration. They called for community control over administration, curriculum, pedagogy, and hiring in majority Black schools and called for desegregation plans to be halted. Student activists demanded Black history courses, fairer discipline and dress code policies, and more respect for Black...

... Brandywine High School Wilmington DE Highland Park High Topeka KS Howard High School Wilmington DE William Penn High School Wilmington DE Brown v. Board of Education U.S. Supreme Court John W. Davis Chief Justice Fred Vinson Chief Justice Earl Warren Little Rock school integration Cooper v. Aaron...

.... Chapter 1 examines the earliest debates over school integration in Boston, Rochester, Cincinnati, Jamaica (New York), and a number of smaller towns. It argues that Black northerners viewed integrated public schools as essential to abolishing slavery, establishing Black citizenship, and eliminating racial...

... integration, September 13, 1965. Photograph by Dick DeMarsico. New York World-Telegram and Sun Newspaper Photograph Collection. Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress, Washington, DC. Chapter 3 highlights a resurgence of northern Black support for school integration alongside...

...Figure 5.2. Large and diverse crowd at the NAACP March on Boston, 1975. Northeastern University Archives and Special Collections, Boston, MA. Figure 5.1. Protestors demanding school integration at the NAACP March on Boston, 1975. Northeastern University Archives and Special Collections...

...Figure C.1. High school students in Montclair, New Jersey, at a Black Lives Matter Rally, 2020. Photo by Chanda Hall. The book concludes with a consideration of how northern Black debates over school integration versus separation transformed the Black civil rights movement. Black northerners...

... public schools on an integrated basis. The closure was worth it, they reasoned, to advance school integration and the broader civil rights movement in the North. Following a two-d ay public hearing, the New Jersey State legislature voted to withhold funding for the school s operation, which effectively...

... decentralization hypocrisy open occupancy fair housing Judeo-Christian interfaith politics homeowners associations school integration suburbanization “For young moderns,” the advertisement announced, drawing readers’ eyes to a sketch of a chic woman and photograph of a tidy ranch home. She and the newly...