... of exploitation compared to either free market capitalism or a property-owning democracy. A property-owning democracy is further compared with John Roemer’s coupon socialism as a policy approach in transitional justice and with Robert Hockett’s proposal to expand asset-based egalitarianism via state underwritten...

... Marx's thoughts and ideas of work and exploitation to advance their cause. The two main positions in the domestic labour debate that I have discussed in this chapter proved ultimately to be weak and a dead weight which positively obstructed real progress in the feminist analysis of women's unpaid...

...This chapter examines Christine Delphy and Diana Leonard's theory of women's exploitation as wives. It explains the functions of theories and exploitation and some of the problematic issues in the theory of Delphy and Leonard. Unlike other feminists, Delphy and Leonard conceived their theory...

...This chapter discusses the relations between considerations of care and justice in the context of women's exploitation. It argues that the principles of justice have an important place in an acceptable ethic of care and that the important distinction between the ethic of care and the ethic of right...

...This chapter discusses the outlook of the necessary labour debate and the theories on the exploitation of women as wives and carers. It addresses the claim that an ethic of care can function as an oppressive ideology that serves to perpetuate women's part in the sexual division of labour by making...

...This chapter claims that unconscionability and its cognate exploitation offer a plausible account of the duty to make restitution particularly in the context of undue influence and unconscionable dealing. It begins by claiming that the application criteria of the undue influence and unconscionable...

...“What Makes Us Rebel: Suffering Reconsidered” draws on Marx to expose the suffering capitalism causes—alienation, exploitation, and isolation—and explains how such suffering is connected to discourse. It also explains Marx’s notion of the commodity fetish that exposes that people...

... on labour market discrimination race caste Dalit s division of labour social Hinduism jajmani system lower castes Manusmriti Shudras upper castes varna system women Atishudras Brahmins exploitation Kapadia Karin poverty Sanskritization social change Srinivas M N ‘twice born’ castes...

... of sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA), and indirectly, by failing to protect others from al-Shabaab snipers and attacks. Regardless of whether it had an explicit POC mandate, AMISOM had always been required to protect civilians as part of its obligations under International Humanitarian...

...Finally, contractual approaches can be used, meaning legal arrangements directly amongst the different stakeholders interested in economically exploiting intangible heritage. While this chapter draws primarily on private law concepts, it moves beyond the private law domain, by suggesting a strong...

.... A different moral objection states that women as a group are exploited by heterosexual pornography. Finally, there is the variety of causal arguments put forward by anti-porn critics who believe that pornography causes harm or induces unethical behaviour. Against the latter this chapter argues...

...This chapter examines records showing the degree to which the exploitative tendencies of some 13th-century landlords penetrated down to the most humble levels of society. These also provide information on the employment of labour by tenant landholders. It is shown that the insistence which...

... output, residual claimants, and ultimate decision-makers. This chapter also points out what differentiates a traditional capitalist firm from an open corporation and from a worker cooperative. In the discussions, this chapter goes back to the concept of exploitation in the context of the organization...

... the facets of exploitation that happens in the market socialist system by way of example from its most prevalent organization. Exploitation, according to this chapter may lie in the very inhabitants of the cooperative. First to be considered is the exploitation by and among the residual claimants. Next...

... sustainability debate, mission drift, private capture of arguably public profits. But these debates do not exhaust the range of ethical issues in microfinance. Behind them are the deeper issues of whether exploitation, coercion, and a breach of a duty of care are inherent in the practices of microfinance...

..., this book examines the microfinance model and whether it “works” or not; the extent to which the standard working practices of microcredit subvert the benign intentions of its founders and create the conditions for exploitation and coercion to occur; and whether the distribution of the benefits and burdens...

... of nature into the concept of natural resources, a mere tool for our own ends. It argues that this transformation contributed to the rationalizations of colonial exploitation, since the colonizers infantilized conquered people as needing to be brought up to speed in acquiring the scientific rationality...

...This chapter focuses on the extent to which, in Britain, France, Germany, and the USA, the bourgeoisie has sought to use the state as a resource (and thereby exploit it), and to capture the state. These approaches to the state are analysed in terms of the way in which the bourgeoisie has been...

..., it argues, are about exclusion, exploitation, and elimination. These processes originate from the global dynamics of neoliberalism, global capitalism, and settler colonialism. To transcend a Western-centred or Europe-centred sociological reasoning, it argues in favour of a relational perspective that takes...

... and usurpation, which social actors can employ. This constitutes what Parkin defined as a social closure equation. theory of social closure Manza J capitalism Bourdieu P social closure exclusion usurpation interclass conflicts intraclass conflicts social closure equation exploitation dual closure...