... criminal cases. Administrative judges have no role in criminal matters. Therefore, it is common to treat criminal law alongside private law. French criminal law is distinctive mainly in terms of its conceptual structure, rather than its result. The reform of the Criminal Code in 1994 provided a chance...

...Australia chose to implement the OECD Convention by amending its Criminal Code Act 1995 to codify the offense of bribing a foreign public official, to include relevant definitions, and to make the offense subject to territorial and nationality jurisdiction. Australia's amendments to the Criminal...

...In implementing the OECD Convention, Canada adopted the Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act (CFPOA), an act separate from its Criminal Code. The CFPOA combines the OECD Convention's language and requirements with language already in Canada's Criminal Code. The CFPOA follows the FCPA...

... of the married women of Britain received commendation by at least some of her peers, her attempts to change attitudes to encompass a perception of wives as possessing a moral right to determine their own actions were less successful. The Criminal Code Bill did not pass into law, much to Elizabeth's satisfaction...

... their legal values from multiple sources: the criminal code, personal experience, religion, and the political culture of autocracy. Intrinsic to the jury is its function as a representative of community interests prepared to defy those of the state when the two come into conflict. Through their verdicts...

... of the Constitutional Court in a case concerning the rights of the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) community (the LGBT case) decided in 2017. The petitioners had asked the Court to interpret several provisions of the Criminal Code including Article 292 that punishes adults who commit...

... for sexual offense under the criminal code nor the diagnostic criteria for paraphilic sexual disorders currently explicitly include provisions for individuals with intellectual disabilities. Yet this group poses special challenges not only to the judicial system but also to those with the responsibility...

... demand, which one has a legal right to make, is granted by the victim). Taking a radical view, Feinberg argues for the decriminalization of a variety of informational blackmail on the grounds that no criminal code based on liberal principles could prevent people from offering, in exchange...

... governments are more likely than autocratic ones to criminalize atrocities through targeted legislation. Second, on its own, the adoption of a new criminal code in a given state of any regime type greatly increases the likelihood that the state criminalizes atrocity offenses. Third, when governments do adopt...

...Criminalizing Atrocity: The Global Spread of Criminal Laws against International Crimes. Mark S. Berlin, Oxford University Press (2020). © Mark S. Berlin. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198850441.001.0001 This chapter examines three negative cases—cases in which new criminal codes did...

..., it considers how the physical act requirement in rape and sexual assault has been defined in a range of criminal codes, finally touching on some of the challenges of offense grading. One of the most important achievements of the rape law reform movement has been, as we have seen, a broadening...

... and structure. It puts more emphasis on the special part of criminal codes. It also makes a comparative analysis involving legal systems that have not yet resolved the initial question of a science of codification, namely whether to codify. Possession, we have seen, defies traditional...

... of many major German corporations serve as a benchmark in the corporate world. But there is still a lot of work to do. Germany does not yet have a corporate criminal code that holds legal entities criminally liable for corruption-related offenses. German authorities still do not have a uniform...

...This chapter calls for the enactment of a comprehensive, modern, and intelligible code of criminal law. Most countries in the world, including Britain's former colonies, have such a code. The criminal law was the obvious candidate for codification. So a Criminal Code team was set up, notably...

...Japanese Law. Hiroshi Oda, Oxford University Press (2021). © Hiroshi Oda. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198869474.003.0003 Japanese law is primarily based on statutory law. There are general codes such as the Civil Code and the Criminal Codes and a number of statutes. Case law also plays...

... asylum seekers civil society Constitutional Court Criminal Code general measures NGOs deportation detention equal treatment fair trial family life right immigration length of proceedings litigation residence status employment permit European Union freedom of expression Supreme Court...

... of any criminal code. Idaho Penal Code juvenile sex offenders lewd conduct burglary juvenile arrests for forcible rape juvenile sex arrests age distribution for robbery juvenile arrests for Uniform Crime Reports Zimring F E other sexual offenses arrests rates for juveniles for forcible fondling...

... recklessness, and second the general approach taken by the authors of the Draft Criminal Code for Scotland to the mental element in crime. Gordon’s Criminal Law Macdonald J H A Criminal Law dole mens rea mental element in crime Scottish Law Commission Gordon G H actus reus fire raising...

..., and only a partial success: the reform of the federal criminal code. John Paul II's order that Drinan withdraw his candidacy for a sixth term is also described. African Nationalist Party apartheid and apartheid Malan Daniel F Vietnam Christ and activism Pope John Paul II on Fitzgerald Archbishop...

... on sexual offences and placed it as a subcategory of assault in the Canadian Criminal Code. Thorburn explains the underlying model of consent: consent is seen as a subjective matter, but communicative elements become important if defendants claim to have believed that the other consented: a defence...