... environmental politics, there are good reasons to look closely at the European Union (EU) (see Chapter 37 ‘Regional Economic Integration Organizations’). First, it is an important region in the global economy and what the EU does with environmental policies and procedures matters. Second, compared...

... other regional agreements. And yet, “NAFTA has been beneficial to businesses and investors in all three countries and has helped promote the competitiveness of North America, much like the European Union has helped promote the competitiveness of Europe.” ¹⁰⁶ Dispute resolution is carried out...

... Europe health inequities European institutions European government domestic law public health European Union social determinants It is widely evidenced that there are dramatic health inequalities (i.e., differences in health status) both within and between countries. An important...

...This chapter discusses healthcare provision in the United States and European Union, setting out some of the challenges faced and solutions adopted when seeking to use antitrust law to address market power problems arising in systems of healthcare provision. In the United States, where market...

...This chapter examines research with human participants in the European Union. In the EU, the driving force for legislation is the creation of the single market. Research with human participants is both a response to the urgent demand to advance the health of EU citizens through the efficiencies...

... are the same. Over the past century, regulators in the United States and in the European Union have developed complex frameworks for the regulation of medicines and medical devices marketed within their borders. These frameworks have evolved in response to public health crises. Both jurisdictions seek...

...The significance of ‘corruption’ in Europe is recognised a priority area for both social science research and state and non-state organisations seeking to reshape anti-corruption policy and practice within individual nation-states and the European Union more generally. Corruption is variously...

... model can create asymmetries, biased interests, and conditions for harm. Croall H food production harms in European Union fraud Routledge Handbook of White Collar and Corporate Crime in Europe The Croall white collar crime criminology Gray A Handbook of Food Crime A Gray and Hinch Hinch R...

... Viktor China corona crisis Deng Xiaoping Haftar Khalifa Johnson Ian Qadhafi Muammar European Union Hong Kong human rights Nixon Richard South China Sea Tibet Xi Jinping Xinjiang Xuetong Yan Taiwan Afghanistan Bush George H W Bush George W Gulf Wars Iran nuclear deal JCPOA Khan...

... Saudi Arabia Yemen Stoker Donald ‘war of choice’ democratisation Mackinder Halford J Smith Rupert Heuser Beatrice Liddell Hart Basil McFate Sean European Union ‘freedom of navigation operations’ FONOPS North Korea South China Sea Djibouti Huotari Mikko Israel navy bases Gulf Wars...

... Russia Second World War Spain United Kingdom European states Sahel security services al Assad Bashar democracy Kissinger Henry Putin Vladimir Syria China Stalin Joseph European Union Gulf Wars India Kashmir Mexico Uighurs Xinjiang Egypt El Sisi Abdel Fattah Iran Morsi Mohamed...

... of this debate, AI is becoming widely used and addressed within existing, evolving, and bespoke regulatory contexts. The present chapter explores the extant governance of AI and, in particular, what is arguably the most successful AI regulatory approach to date, that of the European Union. The chapter explores...

...The European Union defines itself in terms of the slogan ‘United in diversity’. However, the establishment of European political institutions has been linked to the issue of ‘European identity’, which implies a much stronger understanding of commonality and constancy than is suggested by the EU...

... historical divisions back into focus. The enlargement of the European Union has posed new problems of integration across cultural and political borders rooted in historical experiences. At the same time, the core countries of the union have confronted issues that reveal the enduring importance of identities...

... Directives that deal with water quality, marine life, limits on releases of hazardous substances and standards for effluents discharged into rivers and seas. There are also European Union laws that cover disposal of solid wastes, reducing emissions of acid gases and carbon dioxide and controls...

... practitioners from large auditing firms. accounting standards EPSAS European Public Sector Accounting Standards institutionalization public accounting Botzem Sebastian Burchell Stuart capital EU European Union Euro crisis European Commission European Fiscal Compact financialization Maastricht...

... on such critical issues as European and Turkish identities and Turkey’s integration with the European Union. In the third and concluding section, the chapter argues that the postmodern European space is a competitive arena, with continually changing “boundaries” rather than fixed “borders.” Hence, Turkey’s...

... European Social Fund ESF European Regional Development Fund ERDF European Union inclusive growth inequality regional policy social investment well-being Well-being is at the forefront of an ongoing debate about economic growth and the distribution of wealth in modern societies. It is widely believed...

... and Investment funding unequal opportunities vocational training investment partnership principle capacity Operational Programmes OP N 3 rule convergence growth inequality employment European Social Fund ESF exclusion inclusion Lisbon Strategy welfare autonomy regional European Union European...