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Abstract
Gibbon revised the text of the two final chapters of the first volume of The Decline and Fall, which had chiefly aroused the indignation of the clerical establishment on two occasions: for the second edition of 1776, and for the third edition of 1777. A meticulous collation of these revisions reveals an interesting drama of response on Gibbon's part. He was initially concerned by rumours that he was to be attacked for supposed irreligion, and, before any attacks had appeared, made concessive revisions for the second edition. However, once the first attacks had been published, Gibbon saw that they were mild and ineffective. His revisions for the third edition therefore reversed the concessions of the second edition, and indeed if anything intensified the deistical flavour of the book.
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