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3 The Temper of the Times: Trade Unionism and Industrial Relations
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Published:October 2001
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Abstract
Over the half-century from 1880, class identities in Britain appeared to find their most overt expression in the growth of trade-union organisation. Associational ties, for long confined to craft minorities, came to extend to a peak of more than eight million workers by 1920. At the same time, a shared sense of interests within and across trades was seen to emerge from a series of large-scale industrial conflicts in the second and third decades of the 20th century. The necessary basis for the emergence of a collective consciousness of class appeared substantially in place. In certain sectors, including the coal and cotton industries, the density of membership in trade unions was such that questions concerning the role of labour organisations in promoting or containing class loyalties remain significant. This chapter considers the extent to which the temper of industrial relations gave rise to an unambiguous sense of class unity, as well as the extent to which the trade-union record accurately reflects the views of the rank and file.
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