Siva in Trouble: Festivals and Rituals at the Pasupatinatha Temple of Deopatan
Siva in Trouble: Festivals and Rituals at the Pasupatinatha Temple of Deopatan
Professor of Classical Indology
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Abstract
The book deals with festivals and rituals at the Nepalese Paśupatnātha Temple located in Deopatan, the City of (all) Gods, and the Paśupatikṣetra, the “Field of Paśupati.” Paśupati, a form of Śiva, is regarded as the tutelary and protective deity of Nepal and his temple as both national and sacred monument that has since many centuries attracted thousands of pilgrims from India. After introducing the temple, its history, organisation and vicinity, all major festivals connected to it are thoroughly described and examined. The material used by the author includes mythological and eulogising texts, chronicles, inscriptions and elaborate field‐work studies. The book also deals with religious conflicts between different forms of Hinduism as well as with religious identities and contested priesthood. Due to the strength of various tantrically worshipped goddesses in Deopatan, Śiva comes under ritual pressure time and again. Underlining this religious tension are fundamental conflicts between the indigenous Newar population and the Nepali speaking population which originally immigrated from India or between the South Indian Bhaṭṭa priests and the Newar Karmācārya priests. Moreover, ritual forms of worship are contested, as in the instance of tantric forms of worship with alcohol and animal sacrifices versus pure, vegetarian forms of worship. In recent times these conflicts have increasingly been politicized and due to the impact of the World Heritage Monument policy the Paśupati area is successively restructured and shaped into a religious pilgrimage place for Indian and Western tourists.
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Front Matter
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1
The Paśupatinātha Temple Area
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2
The Procession of Lamentation (Dūdūcyā̃cyā̃jātrā)
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3
The Worship for the Salvation of the Country (Deśoddhārapūjā)
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4
The Festival of the Goddess Pīgãmāī
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5
The Festival of the Goddess Vatsalā
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6
The Procession with the Trident (Triśūljātrā)
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7
The Goddess of the Secret and Her Procession (Guhyeśvarījātrā)
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8
Bālā's Fourteenth (Bālācaturdaśī)
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9
Śiva under Refuse and Goblin's Fourteenth (Lukumahādyaḥ, Piśācacaturdaśī)
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10
The Great Night of Śiva (Mahāśivarātri)
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11
Paśupatinātha as a Place of Pilgrimage (Tīrthayātrās)
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12
Deopatan Revisited
- 13 Conclusion: Smārta and Newar Hinduism
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End Matter
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