
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Theories about international norms Theories about international norms
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The norm against conquest and the survival of states The norm against conquest and the survival of states
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Alternative explanations Alternative explanations
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Research design Research design
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Independent variable Independent variable
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Additional variables Additional variables
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Number of international organizations Number of international organizations
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Cold War Support Cold War Support
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World Trade World Trade
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Results Results
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International norms and territorial contenders International norms and territorial contenders
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The norm against conquest and developing world sovereign states The norm against conquest and developing world sovereign states
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The norm against conquest and territorial contender survival The norm against conquest and territorial contender survival
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Territorial contenders and the study of international norms Territorial contenders and the study of international norms
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Closing thoughts Closing thoughts
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4 The Norm Against Conquest and the Survival of States
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Published:February 2025
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Abstract
In this chapter, I evaluate the strong claim that state death is less likely after 1945 because a norm against conquest arose after World War II. I also evaluate various ways the norm against conquest might have prolonged state life: through enhanced commercial relations, through an expanded network of international organizations, or through supportive interventions by the superpowers. I show state death is indeed less likely after 1945—but only for territorial contenders! Norms are supposed to govern interactions between sovereign states, so this finding is quite anomalous. Upon further investigation, I demonstrate my contradictory finding arises because I only study the developing world. The existing finding about the norm against conquest is not replicated when the developed world is excluded. I consider what these findings mean for what we know about state death and for how we study the role of norms in international relations.
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