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3.1 Normative Formalism 3.1 Normative Formalism
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3.2 Normative Conceptualism 3.2 Normative Conceptualism
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3.3 Normative Objectualism 3.3 Normative Objectualism
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3.4 Desiderata for a Theory 3.4 Desiderata for a Theory
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3 A Categorization of Theories of Normativity
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Published:January 2025
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Abstract
This chapter identifies three fundamentally different ideas about normativity. (1) Normative formalism claims there is no such thing as robust normativity. There is only the normativity found in games. If this is correct, there is no problem providing a naturalistic account of normativity. (2) Normative conceptualism claims that normativity is fundamentally a property of our concepts and ways of thinking. Naturalists could concede that normative concepts lack naturalistic analyses since this concession is compatible with a naturalistic view about the world. (3) Normative objectualism claims that there are robustly normative properties, such as the property of wrongness, and there are robustly normative states of affairs, such as torture’s being wrong. These properties and states of affairs have the property of being robustly normative. The chapter argues that a philosophically satisfying theory of robust normativity must be objectualist. And it must provide a reductive (presumably naturalistic) metaphysical analysis of robust normativity.
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