
Published online:
24 October 2024
Published in print:
22 December 2024
Online ISBN:
9780197646373
Print ISBN:
9780199383559
Contents
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List of Illustrations List of Illustrations
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List of Abbreviations List of Abbreviations
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5.1. Introduction 5.1. Introduction
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5.2. Sources 5.2. Sources
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5.2.1. Written Sources 5.2.1. Written Sources
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5.2.2. History of Investigation and Archaeological Exploration 5.2.2. History of Investigation and Archaeological Exploration
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5.2.2.1. Archaeological Research at Metapontion prior to 1965 5.2.2.1. Archaeological Research at Metapontion prior to 1965
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5.2.2.2. Archaeological Research since 1965 5.2.2.2. Archaeological Research since 1965
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5.2.3. ICA Field Survey 5.2.3. ICA Field Survey
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5.3. Natural Setting 5.3. Natural Setting
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5.4. Material Culture 5.4. Material Culture
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5.4.1. Foundation 5.4.1. Foundation
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5.4.1.1. Literary Evidence 5.4.1.1. Literary Evidence
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5.4.1.2. Archaeological Evidence 5.4.1.2. Archaeological Evidence
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5.4.2. Settlement Pattern 5.4.2. Settlement Pattern
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5.4.2.1. Initial Phase of Settlement, c. 625–c. 575 5.4.2.1. Initial Phase of Settlement, c. 625–c. 575
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5.4.2.2. Years of Golden Harvests, 575–525 5.4.2.2. Years of Golden Harvests, 575–525
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5.4.2.3. Crisis and Response in the Chōra, 525–475 5.4.2.3. Crisis and Response in the Chōra, 525–475
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5.4.2.4. Reform and Revival, 475–425 5.4.2.4. Reform and Revival, 475–425
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5.4.3. Settlement Organization 5.4.3. Settlement Organization
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5.4.3.1. Initial Layout of the Asty, c. 625–c. 575 5.4.3.1. Initial Layout of the Asty, c. 625–c. 575
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5.4.3.2. Regularization and Elaboration of the Asty, 575–525 5.4.3.2. Regularization and Elaboration of the Asty, 575–525
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5.4.3.3. (Re)building the Asty, 475–425 5.4.3.3. (Re)building the Asty, 475–425
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5.4.4. Burials 5.4.4. Burials
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5.4.4.1. Necropoleis 5.4.4.1. Necropoleis
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5.4.4.2. Grave Types 5.4.4.2. Grave Types
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5.4.4.3. Crucinia Necropolis, Including the “1942 Tomb” 5.4.4.3. Crucinia Necropolis, Including the “1942 Tomb”
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5.4.4.4. Missing Males, Family Plots, and Family Trees 5.4.4.4. Missing Males, Family Plots, and Family Trees
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5.4.4.5. Animal Burials 5.4.4.5. Animal Burials
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5.4.4.6. Grave Goods and Grave Markers 5.4.4.6. Grave Goods and Grave Markers
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5.4.5. Pottery 5.4.5. Pottery
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5.5. Political History 5.5. Political History
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5.5.1. The Geopolitical Background 5.5.1. The Geopolitical Background
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5.5.2. Governance 5.5.2. Governance
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5.5.2.1. Egalitarian Spirit 5.5.2.1. Egalitarian Spirit
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5.5.2.2. A Tyrant in Metapontion 5.5.2.2. A Tyrant in Metapontion
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5.5.3. Formal Divisions of the Population 5.5.3. Formal Divisions of the Population
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5.6. Legal History 5.6. Legal History
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5.7. Diplomatic History 5.7. Diplomatic History
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5.7.1. Metapontion and Its Greek Neighbors to the North 5.7.1. Metapontion and Its Greek Neighbors to the North
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5.7.2. Metapontion and Its Greek Neighbors to the South 5.7.2. Metapontion and Its Greek Neighbors to the South
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5.8. Economic History 5.8. Economic History
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5.8.1. Ancient Flora of the Metapontine Chōra 5.8.1. Ancient Flora of the Metapontine Chōra
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5.8.1.1. Palaeobotanical and Palynological Investigations 5.8.1.1. Palaeobotanical and Palynological Investigations
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5.8.1.2. Cultivated Plants and Trees 5.8.1.2. Cultivated Plants and Trees
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5.8.2. Ancient Fauna of the Metapontine Chōra 5.8.2. Ancient Fauna of the Metapontine Chōra
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5.8.3. Division of Arable Land in the Metapontine Chōra 5.8.3. Division of Arable Land in the Metapontine Chōra
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5.8.4. Agricultural Production: Exports and Imports 5.8.4. Agricultural Production: Exports and Imports
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5.8.5. Animal Husbandry 5.8.5. Animal Husbandry
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5.8.6. Coinage 5.8.6. Coinage
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5.9. Familial/Demographic History 5.9. Familial/Demographic History
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5.9.1. Population 5.9.1. Population
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5.9.1.1. Chōra 5.9.1.1. Chōra
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5.9.1.2. Asty 5.9.1.2. Asty
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5.9.2. Demographic Characteristics of Metapontion’s Inhabitants 5.9.2. Demographic Characteristics of Metapontion’s Inhabitants
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5.9.3. Relationships between Greek Settlers and the Indigenous Population 5.9.3. Relationships between Greek Settlers and the Indigenous Population
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5.10. Social Customs 5.10. Social Customs
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5.10.1. Athletics 5.10.1. Athletics
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5.10.2. Homosexual Activity 5.10.2. Homosexual Activity
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5.10.3. Kosmēsis (Toilette) and Dress 5.10.3. Kosmēsis (Toilette) and Dress
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5.10.4. Literacy and Education 5.10.4. Literacy and Education
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5.11. Religious Customs and Institutions 5.11. Religious Customs and Institutions
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5.11.1. Principal Divinities 5.11.1. Principal Divinities
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5.11.1.1. Hera 5.11.1.1. Hera
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5.11.1.2. Artemis 5.11.1.2. Artemis
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5.11.1.3. Apollo 5.11.1.3. Apollo
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5.11.1.4. Zeus 5.11.1.4. Zeus
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5.11.1.5. Other Deities 5.11.1.5. Other Deities
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5.11.2. Worship of Dionysus 5.11.2. Worship of Dionysus
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5.11.2.1. Dionysus 5.11.2.1. Dionysus
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5.11.2.2. Burials of Mystai 5.11.2.2. Burials of Mystai
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5.11.3. Funerary Rites 5.11.3. Funerary Rites
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5.12. Cultural History 5.12. Cultural History
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5.12.1. Ekklēsiastērion as a Performance Space 5.12.1. Ekklēsiastērion as a Performance Space
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5.12.2. Sculpture 5.12.2. Sculpture
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5.12.3. Small-Scale Metalwork 5.12.3. Small-Scale Metalwork
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5.12.4. Terracottas 5.12.4. Terracottas
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5.12.5. Pythagoras and Pythagoreans 5.12.5. Pythagoras and Pythagoreans
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5.13. Conclusion 5.13. Conclusion
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5.13.1. Indigenous World 5.13.1. Indigenous World
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5.13.2. Settlement of the Chōra 5.13.2. Settlement of the Chōra
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5.13.3. Self-Government 5.13.3. Self-Government
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5.13.4. Dividing the Land: Asty and Chōra 5.13.4. Dividing the Land: Asty and Chōra
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5.13.5. Agriculture and Culture 5.13.5. Agriculture and Culture
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5.13.6. Metapontion and the Diffusion of Greek Culture in Italy 5.13.6. Metapontion and the Diffusion of Greek Culture in Italy
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Guide to Further Reading Guide to Further Reading
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Gazetteer Gazetteer
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Bibliography Bibliography
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Cite
Carter, Joseph Coleman, 'Metapontion', in Paul Cartledge, and Paul Christesen (eds), The Oxford History of the Archaic Greek World: Volume IV: Cyrene to Metapontion (New York , 2024; online edn, Oxford Academic, 24 Oct. 2024), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199383559.003.0005, accessed 13 May 2025.
Abstract
Metapontion was founded c. 630, about a century after its neighbors Taras and Sybaris; it soon became known for the abundance of its grain production. Although textual sources for Metapontion are scarce, the archaeological record is extraordinarily full and offers particular insight into the diachronic development of the chōra, including a massive flood control and land improvement program carried out in the sixth century. The evidence from Metapontion allows us to see, in more detail than almost any other place, a dominant feature of life in ancient Greece: agricultural activity outside the main urban center.
Keywords:
Achaean colonization, ancient Greek agriculture, archaeological survey, Croton, Greek colonization, Magna Graecia, Metapontion, Metaponto, Sybaris, Taras
Collection:
Oxford Scholarship Online
Joseph Coleman Carter, Metapontion In: The Oxford History of the Archaic Greek World. Edited by: Paul Cartledge and Paul Christesen, Oxford University Press. © Oxford University Press 2024. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780199383559.003.0005
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