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The First of the Three Frisian Translations of Paradise Lost The First of the Three Frisian Translations of Paradise Lost
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John Milton syn Paradise Lost, ferfryske troch Sjoerd van Tuinen John Milton syn Paradise Lost, ferfryske troch Sjoerd van Tuinen
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It Paradys Ferlern, by Geart fan der Mear It Paradys Ferlern, by Geart fan der Mear
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Some Concluding Remarks Some Concluding Remarks
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Works Cited Works Cited
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6 Paradise Lost in Frisian Translations
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Published:December 2023
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Abstract
There are currently two complete translations of Paradise Lost into Frisian, and one fragment of the first 241 lines, in blank verse by Douwe Kalma from 1918. Of the two complete versions, Sjoerd van Tuinen’s from 2005 is in prose and was published privately; and van der Meer’s It Paradys Ferlern from 2009 is in blank verse, with the same number of lines as in the original. Frisian—spoken in Friesland, in the north of the Netherlands, by around 400,000 people—is more closely related to English than either Dutch or German, but like the latter two it also lacks the heavily Latinized vocabulary of Milton’s English, which limits a translator’s ability to vary the text by means of synonyms or near-synonyms and generally makes it sound a little less grandiose. Van der Meer demonstrates that Kalma’s fragment reflects his desire to raise Frisian to the level of languages with a long written tradition like Dutch and shows how his own attempt to some extent shares Kalma’s desire to experiment with the usability of Frisian for higher subjects. Van Tuinen’s motivation can only be guessed at, apart from what must have inspired all three: admiration.
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