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5 Theory Of The Ultrasonic-Wave Motor
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Published:December 1993
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Abstract
The ultrasonic wave motor was viewed as a major innovation compared with the wedge-type motor when it was announced, and it generated considerable interest in ultrasonic motors in general. In this chapter, the theory of flexural waves is first presented, then the mechanisms involved in generating thrust or torque from flexural waves are explained. The phenomenon of energy losses when electric power is converted to mechanical work is also discussed. In Chapter I, the concepts of standing waves and travelling waves were introduced, using waves generated in a stretched string. In the ultrasonic-wave motor, the waves are created by vibrations in a beam rather than a string. Before discussing waves in a beam, however, it will be useful first to gain an understanding of waves carried in a string. Consider a uniform string stretched along the x-axis (see Fig. 5.la) which is made to vibrate in they-direction (b). The behaviour of each point along the string can be determined by setting up and solving the appropriate equations of motion. Forces acting on a string segment are shown in Fig. 5.2.
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